{"id":11624,"date":"2023-09-06T14:05:31","date_gmt":"2023-09-06T12:05:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/?p=11624"},"modified":"2023-09-06T14:05:31","modified_gmt":"2023-09-06T12:05:31","slug":"cheb","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/cheb\/","title":{"rendered":"Cheb"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\"\"<\/a>Pohnut\u00e1 hist\u00f3ria mesta<\/strong><\/p>\n

Minul\u00fd rok mesto osl\u00e1vilo 700. v\u00fdro\u010die trval\u00e9ho pripojenia k \u010desk\u00e9mu kr\u00e1\u013eovstvu. Pred rokom 1322 Cheb (po nemecky Eger) striedavo patril raz Nemecku, raz \u010deskej korune, Habsbursk\u00e9mu cis\u00e1rstvu i Rak\u00fasko-uhorskej monarchii, v\u00a0d\u00f4sledku \u010doho ste a\u017e do 2. svetovej vojny v tomto meste vzdialenom od nemeck\u00fdch hran\u00edc iba 5 km sotva po\u010duli \u010de\u0161tinu. A ke\u010f\u017ee v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina obyvate\u013estva sa hl\u00e1sila k nemeckej n\u00e1rodnosti, nacisti priradili cel\u00e9 Chebsko k tzv. Sudetenland (Sudety) a\u00a0za\u010dlenili ho do Tretej r\u00ed\u0161e. Po vojne bola drviv\u00e1 v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina (takmer 90 %) nemeck\u00e9ho obyvate\u013estva vys\u00eddlen\u00e1 a z Chebu sa stalo mesto duchov, chradlo a pustlo. Nik sa do pohrani\u010dia v tej dobe nehrnul, a tak sem \u010desk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da posielala \u013eud\u00ed takpovediac za trest alebo ich l\u00e1kala na r\u00f4zne v\u00fdhody, o\u00a0ktor\u00e9 mali vz\u00e1p\u00e4t\u00ed po zn\u00e1rodnen\u00ed vo febru\u00e1ri 1948 pr\u00eds\u0165. Dnes m\u00e1 Cheb n\u00e1dherne zrekon\u0161truovan\u00e9 historick\u00e9 centrum s\u00a0unik\u00e1tnym s\u00faborom 11 kupeck\u00fdch domov z 13. storo\u010dia zvan\u00fdch \u0160pal\u00ed\u010dek, ktor\u00e9 tvoria s\u00fa\u010das\u0165 mestskej pamiatkovej rezerv\u00e1cie.<\/p>\n

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\"\"<\/a>Krovy mestsk\u00fdch domov<\/strong><\/p>\n

Mesto Cheb le\u017ealo na obchodnej ceste z Bavorska do \u010desk\u00fdch zem\u00ed, prv\u00e9 trhovisko pod chebsk\u00fdm hradom fungovalo u\u017e v polovici 11. storo\u010dia a ke\u010f\u017ee sa tu \u017eilo z obchodu, miestni kupci potrebovali niekde svoj tovar uskladni\u0165. Na to im sl\u00fa\u017eili krovy ich domov. Na hlavnom N\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed Kr\u00e1le Ji\u0159\u00edho z Pod\u011bbrad s\u00fa strechy stredovek\u00fdch me\u0161tiackych domov n\u00e1padne vysok\u00e9 a strm\u00e9, majstri s\u00fakenn\u00edci, garbiari, med\u00e1ri, pu\u0161k\u00e1ri skladovali svoj tovar aj v trojposchodov\u00fdch krovoch vyroben\u00fdch z ihli\u010dnat\u00e9ho dreva, bez jedin\u00e9ho kovov\u00e9ho klinca, iba s\u00a0pomocou dubov\u00fdch \u010dap\u00edkov, tak umne, \u017ee popieraj\u00fa v\u0161etky fyzik\u00e1lne z\u00e1kony, ako hovoria s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00ed statici. Pod\u013ea dendochronol\u00f3gie, ktor\u00e1 pomocou veku dreva dok\u00e1\u017ee ur\u010di\u0165 vek historick\u00fdch objektov, najstar\u0161\u00ed krov v takomto kupeckom dome poch\u00e1dza z roku 1389. Desiatky r\u00f4znych typov historick\u00fdch krovov s\u00fa chebsk\u00fdm unik\u00e1tom, ktor\u00fd sa smelo m\u00f4\u017ee porovn\u00e1va\u0165 napr\u00edklad i s belgick\u00fdmi Bruggami. S\u00a0t\u00fdm rozdielom, \u017ee tie chebsk\u00e9 patria mestu a daj\u00fa sa v r\u00e1mci exkurzie nav\u0161t\u00edvi\u0165.<\/p>\n

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Vzbura chebsk\u00fdch cudzolo\u017en\u00edkov<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ten st\u013ap na \u0160pal\u00ed\u010dku sl\u00fa\u017eil ako pranier, ku ktor\u00e9mu sa priv\u00e4zovali r\u00f4zni previnilci vystaven\u00ed na hanbu pred cel\u00fdm mestom. Na pranieri sa jedn\u00e9ho d\u0148a roku 1589 ocitla aj skupinka mu\u017eov, a nebola to \u017eiadna zlodejsk\u00e1 chamra\u010f, ale bohat\u00ed me\u0161\u0165ania, ktor\u00ed u\u017e nevedeli \u010do od dobroty, a tak \u010doraz bujarej\u0161ie nav\u0161tevovali miestny dom rozko\u0161e, hrali karty i kocky a pili pivo. Spr\u00e1vali sa tak nepr\u00edstojne, \u017ee zasiahli radn\u00ed p\u00e1ni a nevestinec zavreli. Chlapi sa v\u0161ak nedali a \u0161li sa s\u0165a\u017eova\u0165. Ich opov\u00e1\u017elivos\u0165 radn\u00fdch p\u00e1nov tak vyto\u010dila, \u017ee ich pohnali na pranier. Vz\u00e1p\u00e4t\u00ed v\u0161ak na radnicu dobehli man\u017eelky pranierovan\u00fdch chlapov, ktor\u00e9 o cudzolo\u017estv\u00e1ch svojich \u201ebez\u00fahonn\u00fdch\u201c mu\u017eov nemali ani potuchy. Ke\u010f sa dozvedeli pravdu, rozz\u00farene ich zbavili praniera a hnali domov so slovami: \u201ePran\u00ed\u0159 byli l\u00e1zn\u011b proti tomu, co t\u011b \u010dek\u00e1 doma!\u201c To\u013eko historka o vzbure chebsk\u00fdch cudzolo\u017en\u00edkov zaznamenan\u00e1 v kronike mesta.<\/p>\n

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\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Goethe a mestsk\u00fd kat<\/strong><\/p>\n

Posledn\u00fd mestsk\u00fd kat v Chebe – Karel Huss – sa priatelil s najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edm nemeck\u00fdm b\u00e1snikom Johannom Wolfgangom Goethem, ktor\u00fd do Chebu prich\u00e1dzal na di\u0161puty z ne\u010falek\u00fdch k\u00fape\u013eov a stret\u00e1val sa s n\u00edm v\u00a0trojici spolu s mestsk\u00fdm radcom Josephom Gr\u00fcnerom. Mlad\u00fd Karel t\u00fa\u017eil sta\u0165 sa vzdelan\u00fdm mu\u017eom, ale na gymn\u00e1ziu sa mu ako synovi kata dostalo takej \u0161ikany od spolu\u017eiakov, \u017ee musel zo \u0161koly od\u00eds\u0165 a napokon po otcovi prevzal katovsk\u00e9 remeslo. Prv\u00fa popravu vraj vykonal u\u017e ako 15-ro\u010dn\u00fd. Popri svojom zamestnan\u00ed sa vzdel\u00e1val v r\u00f4znych ved\u00e1ch vr\u00e1tane medic\u00edny a anat\u00f3mie. Huss bol v\u00e1\u0161niv\u00fd zberate\u013e, zalo\u017eil hodnotn\u00fa numizmatick\u00fa i mineralogick\u00fa zbierku a svojimi \u00falovkami z\u00e1soboval popredn\u00e9 eur\u00f3pske \u0161\u013eachtick\u00e9 kabinety. Sp\u00edsal aj \u0161tvordielnu kroniku mesta, a tak sa postupom \u010dasu z kata, vyvrhe\u013ea spolo\u010dnosti, stal uzn\u00e1van\u00fd u\u010denec. Dokonca ho prijali do me\u0161tianskeho stavu a p\u00f4sobil ako spr\u00e1vca umeleck\u00fdch zbierok na ne\u010falekom z\u00e1mku Kyn\u017evart.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

zo Z\u00e1padn\u00fdch \u010ciech<\/p>\n

Simonetta Zalov\u00e1<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

  Pohnut\u00e1 hist\u00f3ria mesta Minul\u00fd rok mesto osl\u00e1vilo 700. v\u00fdro\u010die trval\u00e9ho pripojenia k \u010desk\u00e9mu kr\u00e1\u013eovstvu. Pred rokom 1322 Cheb (po nemecky Eger) striedavo patril raz Nemecku, raz \u010deskej korune, Habsbursk\u00e9mu cis\u00e1rstvu i Rak\u00fasko-uhorskej monarchii, v\u00a0d\u00f4sledku \u010doho ste a\u017e do 2. svetovej vojny v tomto meste vzdialenom od nemeck\u00fdch hran\u00edc iba 5 km sotva po\u010duli \u010de\u0161tinu. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":11628,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4,124],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11624","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-metropoly","category-september-2023"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11624","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11624"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11624\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11630,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11624\/revisions\/11630"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11628"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11624"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11624"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11624"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}