{"id":13429,"date":"2025-07-04T13:14:32","date_gmt":"2025-07-04T11:14:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/?p=13429"},"modified":"2025-07-04T13:14:32","modified_gmt":"2025-07-04T11:14:32","slug":"prelet-nad-smradlavou-historiou-toaliet","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/prelet-nad-smradlavou-historiou-toaliet\/","title":{"rendered":"Prelet nad smrad\u013eavou hist\u00f3riou toaliet"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Toto je \u010d\u00edtanie len pre siln\u00e9 \u017eal\u00fadky! Vy \u00fatlocitnej\u0161\u00ed sa mu rad\u0161ej vyhnite, no vy, ktor\u00ed radi objavujete neobjaven\u00e9, nap\u00e4to \u010d\u00edtajte. Lebo aj tak\u00e1 delik\u00e1tna z\u00e1le\u017eitos\u0165 ako vypr\u00e1zd\u0148ovanie je nielen biologick\u00fdm procesom n\u00e1\u0161ho tela, ale d\u00f4le\u017eitou vecou \u013eudsk\u00fdch dej\u00edn a kult\u00fary. A ako ka\u017ed\u00e9 dejiny, aj tie o vyp\u00e1zd\u0148ovan\u00ed (do \u010doho, s\u00a0k\u00fdm a\u00a0ako) maj\u00fa svoje v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 osobnosti. Vizion\u00e1rov, inov\u00e1torov, trendsetterov gamechangerov. Bude to poriadne nechutn\u00e1 jazda pln\u00e1 v\u00fdkalov, exkrementov, fek\u00e1li\u00ed, hovien a\u00a0hovienok, srancov, kakancov \u010di v\u00fdmetov, ako povedal n\u00e1\u0161 klasik Hviezdoslav. Pripravi\u0165 sa, poz\u00f3\u00f3\u00f3r, ciky kaky!<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>Joseph Gayetty (1827 – 1895)<\/strong><\/p>\n

O \u010do sa zasl\u00fa\u017eil: <\/strong>Vyna\u0161iel toaletn\u00fd papier.<\/p>\n

\u010co bolo pred t\u00fdm: <\/strong>Hoci\u010do, \u010do bolo po ruke. Napr\u00edklad aj kukuri\u010dn\u00fd klas.\u00a0 \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Dejiny toaletn\u00e9ho papiera s\u00fa dejinami nielen r\u00f4znych technick\u00fdch vychyt\u00e1vok okolo tejto dnes u\u017e be\u017enej v\u00fdbavy na\u0161ich dom\u00e1cnost\u00ed, ale aj dejinami toho, ako sme si my, \u013eudia, kedysi utierali (prepytujeme) zadky. Ako, \u010di presnej\u0161ie \u010d\u00edm. A\u00a0tu zrazu oby\u010daj nie\u010doho tak\u00e9ho nudn\u00e9ho ako zdrap papiera naber\u00e1 na obr\u00e1tkach, sta\u010d\u00ed citova\u0165 jedno starogr\u00e9cke pr\u00edslovie: \u201eTri kamene sta\u010dia na utretie.\u201c \u010co\u017ee?! Po\u010fme v\u0161ak smelo \u010falej a\u00a0len tak spakruky menujme: mach, seno, l\u00edstie, tr\u00e1va, hobliny, hlina, piesok, \u0161upky zeleniny a\u00a0ovocia, prosto hoci\u010do, \u010do bolo pr\u00e1ve poruke, sneh, ov\u010dia vlna a\u00a0in\u00e9 zvieracie ko\u017eu\u0161iny, a\u00a0teraz pozor, toto bude bolie\u0165: kamienky, mu\u0161le, \u0161krupiny z\u00a0r\u00f4znych plod\u00edn, napr\u00edklad z kokosov\u00e9ho orecha (a\u00fa!), kukuri\u010dn\u00e9 klasy (ale vyl\u00fapan\u00e9, pros\u00edm!) a\u00a0podobne. Ide\u00e1lne, ke\u010f to na v\u00e1s pri\u0161lo niekde v\u00a0bl\u00edzkosti vody, urobili ste to tam a\u00a0fertig mary\u0161ka!<\/p>\n

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U\u017e star\u00ed Gr\u00e9ci v\u00a0tom mali jasno <\/strong><\/p>\n

Gr\u00e9ci svoj toaletn\u00fd papier naz\u00fdvali pessoi. Boli to v\u0161ak kamienky, r\u00f4zne \u00falomky a\u00a0\u010dasto aj rozbit\u00e1 keramika. Hlinen\u00e9 \u010drepy ako zvy\u0161kov\u00fd produkt z\u00a0tzv. \u010drepinov\u00fdch s\u00fadov (ostrakismos), v\u00a0ktor\u00fdch slobodn\u00ed at\u00e9nski ob\u010dania demokraticky hlasovali za vyhnanie nepriate\u013eov \u0161t\u00e1tu z\u00a0mesta. Prebiehalo to tak, \u017ee na \u010drepinov\u00e9 \u00falomky ka\u017ed\u00fd opr\u00e1vnen\u00fd voli\u010d anonymne nap\u00edsal inkriminovan\u00e9 meno. Ke\u010f s\u00fad skon\u010dil, v\u00a0r\u00e1mci antickej recykla\u010dnej politiky, \u0161up s\u00a0volebn\u00fdmi \u0161krupinami do latr\u00edny! P\u00f4\u017eitok vykadi\u0165 sa na meno nepriate\u013ea bol pr\u00edjemn\u00fdm bonusom, ktor\u00fd zatienil aj fakt, \u017ee abraz\u00edvne \u00fa\u010dinky keramiky mohli jej u\u017e\u00edvate\u013eom sp\u00f4sobi\u0165 drobn\u00e9 poranenia \u010di\u00a0podr\u00e1\u017edenia ko\u017ee. \u0160ibrinkova\u0165 s\u00a0pessoi v\u00a0bl\u00edzkosti nie\u010doho tak\u00e9ho delik\u00e1tneho ako \u013eudsk\u00fd zadok, to si jednoducho vy\u017eadovalo ist\u00fd cvik, ale nikto, ani star\u00fd Gr\u00e9k, u\u010den\u00fd z\u00a0neba nespadol, v\u0161ak\u017ee…<\/p>\n

Od Gr\u00e9kov sa posu\u0148me, kam inak, k\u00a0Rimanom. A\u00a0od pessoi k\u00a0tersoriumu. V\u00fdraz tersorium by sme mohli vo\u013ene prelo\u017ei\u0165 ako \u201etoaletn\u00e1 kefa na zadok\u201c. I\u0161lo o\u00a0dreven\u00fa palicu, okolo konca ktorej bola obto\u010den\u00e1 morsk\u00e1 hubka (\u0161pongia). Po vykonan\u00ed o\u010disty sa odlo\u017eila do vedra so\u00a0slan\u00fdm, po\u0165a\u017emo kysl\u00fdm, zvy\u010dajne octov\u00fdm roztokom, zrejme za \u00fa\u010delom dezinfekcie. Potia\u013eto, a\u017e na mo\u017enos\u0165, \u017ee to mohlo aj riadne \u0161t\u00edpa\u0165, to d\u00e1va ako-tak zmysel. Ale bude aj hor\u0161ie! Ke\u010f\u017ee r\u00edmske verejn\u00e9 z\u00e1chody boli naozaj verejn\u00e9 a\u00a0kadiaci ob\u010dania tam sedeli dru\u017ene ved\u013ea seba ako v\u00a0kine, deliac sa o spolo\u010dn\u00fd priestor, spolo\u010dn\u00fd smrad i\u00a0v\u0161etky zvukov\u00e9 efekty vypr\u00e1zd\u0148ovania, aj tersorium bolo spolo\u010dn\u00e9. In\u00fdmi slovami, jedna palica na iks zadkov, a\u017e k\u00fdm sa nerozpadla za veky vekov, amen…<\/p>\n

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Letom svetom dejinami toaletn\u00e9ho papiera <\/strong><\/p>\n

O\u010dista po defek\u00e1cii je star\u00e1 ako \u013eudstvo samo, \u010di u\u017e ste kres\u0165an, luter\u00e1n, \u017eid, moslim, ateista, agnostik, budhista, hinduista, \u0161intoista, zadok si nie\u010d\u00edm utrie\u0165 mus\u00edte. Napr\u00edklad aj t\u00fdm, \u010do angli\u010dtina zhrnula do jednotn\u00e9ho n\u00e1zvu \u201eshit stick\u201c (preklad sn\u00e1\u010f nie je potrebn\u00fd). Tieto dreven\u00e9 ty\u010dky, kol\u00edky, palice, pr\u00faty \u010di \u0161pachtle priniesli do \u010c\u00edny a\u00a0Japonska mn\u00edsi z\u00a0Indie. Ich v\u00fdhody s\u00fa zrejm\u00e9 na prv\u00fa: dali sa pou\u017ei\u0165 viackr\u00e1t a\u00a0boli priate\u013esk\u00e9 pr\u00edrode. Odkia\u013e to vieme? Odtia\u013eto: v\u00a0roku 2016 v \u010d\u00ednskom meste Dunhuang, jednom zo strategick\u00fdch centier na Hodv\u00e1bnej ceste, archeol\u00f3govia vykopali pozostatky vojenskej z\u00e1kladne z\u00a0obdobia sto rokov pred Kristom. Okrem in\u00fdch predmetov v\u00a0nej na\u0161li aj r\u00f4zne toaletn\u00e9 pali\u010dky a\u00a0to, \u010do z\u00a0nich zo\u0161krabali, posunulo \u013eudsk\u00e9 b\u00e1danie op\u00e4\u0165 na vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed level. Uk\u00e1zalo sa, \u017ee \u010drev\u00e1 ist\u00e9ho u\u017e\u00edvate\u013ea onoho shit stick boli nielen zamoren\u00e9 r\u00f4znymi parazitmi, ale aj to, \u017ee napr\u00edklad tak\u00e1 motolica pe\u010de\u0148ov\u00e1 sa v\u00a0p\u00fa\u0161tnom Dunhuangu v\u00f4bec nevyskytovala, tak\u017ee osoba \u0148ou obdaren\u00e1 sem musela docestova\u0165 z\u010faleka, pod\u013ea odhadov archeol\u00f3gov a\u017e z\u00a01.500 km vzdialen\u00fdch mo\u010darist\u00fdch oblast\u00ed \u010d\u00ednskeho juhu. A\u00a0hne\u010f je na svete d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fd objav o\u00a0tom, \u017ee \u013eudstvo sa po Hodv\u00e1bnej ceste hm\u00fdrilo sem a\u00a0tam tis\u00edcky kilometrov u\u017e sto rokov pred Kristom! Spolu s\u00a0in\u00fdm tovarom vtedaj\u0161\u00ed podnikatelia prepravovali aj infek\u010dn\u00e9 choroby a\u00a0v\u0161akovak\u00e9 parazity, ktor\u00e9 v\u00a0zmumifikovan\u00fdch fek\u00e1li\u00e1ch pre\u017eili tis\u00edcro\u010dia…<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\"\"<\/a>Louis Bourdaloue\u00a0(1632 – 1704)<\/strong><\/p>\n

O\u00a0\u010do sa zasl\u00fa\u017eil: <\/strong>O\u00a0vyn\u00e1lez \u017eensk\u00e9ho piso\u00e1ra, ale len ve\u013emi vzdialene.<\/p>\n

\u010co bolo predt\u00fdm: <\/strong>No\u010dn\u00e9 hrnce a\u00a0jeden \u0161ikovn\u00fd obedov\u00fd om\u00e1\u010dnik.<\/p>\n

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Tento osvieten\u00fd p\u00e1nko, profesor r\u00e9toriky, filozofie a\u00a0mor\u00e1lnej teol\u00f3gie, vy\u0161tudovan\u00fd na r\u00f4znych jezuitsk\u00fdch kol\u00e9gi\u00e1ch, sa asi v\u00a0hrobe obracia, v\u00a0ak\u00fdch nechutn\u00fdch s\u00favislostiach sa v\u00a0dejin\u00e1ch spom\u00edna jeho meno! A\u00a0skuto\u010dne, pani hist\u00f3ria si z\u00a0neho riadne vystrelila, ale m\u00f4\u017ee si za to tak trochu aj s\u00e1m. Ako mu to hovorili? \u201eKr\u00e1\u013e kazate\u013eov a\u00a0kazate\u013e kr\u00e1\u013eov.\u201c Monsieur Bourdaloue mal toti\u017e dar re\u010di priam od boha a\u00a0jeho k\u00e1zne boli tak\u00e9 brilantn\u00e9 a\u00a0p\u00f4sobiv\u00e9, \u017ee ch\u00fdr o\u00a0nich sa dostal a\u017e ku kr\u00e1\u013eovi Slnko. Tak sa stalo, \u017ee \u013dudov\u00edt XIV. pozval hviezdneho jezuitu do Versailles, kde z\u00a0jeho k\u00e1zn\u00ed v\u0161etci padali na zadok a\u00a0rozpl\u00fdvali sa nad briskn\u00fdm aforizmami, ktor\u00e9 k\u0148az sypal ako z\u00a0ruk\u00e1va. Napr\u00edklad: Nie je ni\u010d vz\u00e1cnej\u0161ie ako \u010das, preto\u017ee\u00a0 to je cena ve\u010dnosti. Alebo: Priate\u013e ka\u017ed\u00e9ho nie je priate\u013e nikoho. Popr\u00edpade: Milujme pravdu, ktor\u00e1 n\u00e1s karh\u00e1 a d\u00e1vajme si pozor na to, \u010do n\u00e1m lichot\u00ed. Jeho re\u010di Versaill\u010dania, jednoducho, \u017erali. Mali v\u0161ak jednu chybi\u010dku kr\u00e1sy – boli ve\u013emi dlh\u00e9.<\/p>\n

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U\u017e star\u00fd Bourdaloue v\u00a0tom (ne)mal jasno <\/strong><\/p>\n

Boli tak\u00e9 dlho\u010dizn\u00e9, alebo nato\u013eko zauj\u00edmav\u00e9, \u017ee pr\u00edtomn\u00e9 d\u00e1my nechceli z nich zme\u0161ka\u0165 ani slov\u00ed\u010dko, no po nieko\u013ek\u00fdch hodin\u00e1ch sa u\u017e za\u010d\u00ednali skr\u00faca\u0165 ako \u010derv\u00edky, ich mo\u010dov\u00fd mech\u00far bol pln\u00fd do poslednej kvapky, latr\u00edny \u010di kr\u00edky v\u00a0nedoh\u013eadne, nehovoriac o\u00a0tom, ako r\u00fdchlo bolo mo\u017en\u00e9 dosta\u0165 sa z\u00a0t\u00fdch \u0165a\u017ek\u00fdch sukn\u00ed a\u017e po zem, ktor\u00e9 \u0161\u013eachti\u010dn\u00e9 so sebou vl\u00e1\u010dili ako okovy. Nevedno, ktorej skrsol ten n\u00e1pad ako prvej, ale bol to oby\u010dajn\u00fd om\u00e1\u010dnik, ktor\u00fd d\u00f4vtipn\u00e1 d\u00e1ma (mo\u017eno) uchmatla z\u00a0obeda, zverila sl\u00fa\u017eke aj s\u00a0malou in\u0161trukt\u00e1\u017eou, ktor\u00e1 v\u00a0praxi vyzerala asi takto: madam mrkla na sl\u00fa\u017eku, t\u00e1 za \u0148ou vy\u0161tartovala aj s\u00a0om\u00e1\u010dnikom, pani sa uch\u00fdlila niekde do\u00a0tmav\u00e9ho k\u00fata kostola \u010di kaplnky, s\u00a0pomocou sl\u00fa\u017eky si vyhrnula sukne, \u0161up, om\u00e1\u010dnik str\u010dila pod seba, \u00e1\u00e1\u00e1ch… T\u00e1 bo\u017esk\u00e1 \u00fa\u013eava, do pekla aj s\u00a0k\u0148azov\u00fdmi v\u00fdlevmi! Ak si pr\u00e1ve nap\u00edsan\u00e9 rozmie\u0148ate na drobn\u00e9, tak \u00e1no, cel\u00e1 t\u00e1 vec sa udiala po stoja\u010dky. A nie, nohavi\u010dky vtedaj\u0161\u00edm d\u00e1mam neprek\u00e1\u017eali, lebo \u017eiadne (resp. tak\u00e9 ako my dnes) nenosili. D\u00e1mska mobiln\u00e1 toaletn\u00e1 n\u00e1doba \u201ebourdalou\u201c bola teda na svete, praktick\u00fd, v\u00a0tvare mal\u00e9ho \u010dlnka, s\u00a0u\u0161kom na dr\u017eanie sa dal pou\u017ei\u0165 tak pohodlne, \u017ee vz\u00e1p\u00e4t\u00ed ho rozlietan\u00e9 d\u00e1my zaradili do svojho cestovn\u00e9ho vybavenia. To sa u\u017e vo ve\u013ekom vyr\u00e1bal presne pre tak\u00fdto \u00fa\u010del: ako mal\u00fd, rozko\u0161n\u00fd, skladn\u00fd \u017eensk\u00fd piso\u00e1r. Do ko\u010da, nie v\u0161ak do voza, lebo bourdalou bola z\u00e1le\u017eitos\u0165ou predov\u0161etk\u00fdm dvorsk\u00fdch pani\u010diek. \u017deny, ktor\u00e9 sa prepravovali na vozoch, sedlia\u010dky, robotn\u00ed\u010dky, vidie\u010danky vyu\u017e\u00edvali oby\u010dajn\u00e9 hrnce.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Letom svetom dejinami no\u010dn\u00edkov<\/strong><\/p>\n

Etylom\u00f3gia slova no\u010dn\u00edk nazna\u010duje, \u017ee sa na\u0148 chod\u00ed najm\u00e4 v\u00a0noci. Aj po nemecky je no\u010dn\u00edk Nachttopf, angli\u010dtina a franc\u00faz\u0161tina v\u0161ak uprednost\u0148uj\u00fa ozna\u010denie chamber pot (le pot de chambre), \u010di\u017ee komorov\u00fd hrniec, pri\u010dom komora je star\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdraz pre sp\u00e1l\u0148u. Tam toti\u017e preb\u00fdval naj\u010dastej\u0161ie, hoci zastr\u010di\u0165 ho pod poste\u013e sa dalo iba v\u00a0pr\u00edpade, \u017ee ste poste\u013e vlastnili, po cel\u00e9 st\u00e1ro\u010dia najm\u00e4 nemajetn\u00ed \u013eudia sp\u00e1vali v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou rovno na zemi. No\u010dn\u00e9 n\u00e1doby pou\u017e\u00edval cel\u00fd starovek\u00fd svet, prv\u00fd p\u00edsomn\u00fd, resp. obrazov\u00fd d\u00f4kaz poch\u00e1dza z\u00a011. storo\u010dia pred na\u0161\u00edm letopo\u010dtom a\u00a0\u010dosi na t\u00fato n\u00f4tu po sebe zanechali aj obyvatelia ne\u0161\u0165astn\u00fdch Pompej\u00ed. Na stene hostinca v\u00a0Pompejach m\u00f4\u017eeme \u010d\u00edta\u0165 aj tento n\u00e1zov: \u201eZasral som ti poste\u013e, mil\u00fd kr\u010dm\u00e1r, prizn\u00e1vam, ale pom\u00fdlil som sa. Ak chce\u0161 vedie\u0165 d\u00f4vod, tak preto, \u017ee tam nebol hrniec!\u201c In\u00fd d\u00f4kaz o\u00a0existencii r\u00f4znych podobn\u00fdch n\u00e1dob pon\u00faka vitr\u00ednka v berl\u00ednskom Altes Museum, v\u00a0ktorej je vystaven\u00e1 gr\u00e9cka kylix, \u0161irok\u00e1 plytk\u00e1 \u010da\u0161a s\u00a0dvoma uchami na dr\u017eanie, ob\u013e\u00faben\u00e1 to n\u00e1doba na pitie v\u00edna. \u0164a\u017eko poveda\u0165, \u010do sa preh\u00e1\u0148alo hlavou gr\u00e9ckeho umelca, ke\u010f ju ma\u013eoval, ale je na nej zobrazen\u00e1 nah\u00e1 het\u00e9ra s\u00a0rozkro\u010den\u00fdmi nohami, postoja\u010dky cikaj\u00faca nad ve\u013ek\u00fdm hrncom typu skyphos.<\/p>\n

Pokia\u013e sa no\u010dn\u00edky pou\u017e\u00edvali na vidieku, v\u00a0r\u00e1mci kolobehu po\u013enohospod\u00e1rskej a\u00a0\u017eivo\u010d\u00ed\u0161nej v\u00fdroby ich obsah zvy\u010dajne kon\u010dil na hnojisku, popr\u00edpade sa n\u00edm k\u0155mili prasat\u00e1. Hor\u0161ie to bolo v\u00a0mest\u00e1ch, ktor\u00e9 sa topili v odpade. Logicky platilo, \u017ee \u010d\u00edm viac obyvate\u013eov, t\u00fdm viac no\u010dn\u00edkov, ktor\u00e9 sa m\u00e1lokto ob\u0165a\u017eoval vyn\u00e1\u0161a\u0165 ku\u00a0stok\u00e1m, niekde tak\u00fdm hlbok\u00fdm, \u017ee nejeden opilec alebo zat\u00falan\u00e9 decko sa v\u00a0nich utopilo. Najjednoduch\u0161ie bolo otvori\u0165 oblok a\u00a0\u0161up s\u00a0obsahom no\u010dn\u00edka von. T\u00ed lep\u0161ie vychovan\u00ed aspo\u0148 zakri\u010dali \u201ePoz\u00f3\u00f3\u00f3r!\u201c, \u010dasto v\u0161ak cel\u00e1 t\u00e1 nechutn\u00e1 sp\u0155\u0161ka prist\u00e1la okoloid\u00facemu nebor\u00e1kovi priamo na hlave. Pln\u00e9 no\u010dn\u00edky neraz pri\u0161li vhod ako umrav\u0148uj\u00faci prostriedok na opilcov a hul\u00e1kaj\u00facu no\u010dn\u00fa ch\u00e1sku. Neznesite\u013en\u00fd smrad bol spolo\u010dn\u00fd menovate\u013e v\u0161etk\u00fdch miest – \u0161\u00edril sa po uliciach bez kanaliz\u00e1cie, preto\u017ee v\u0161etok odpad z\u00a0dom\u00e1cnost\u00ed sa vylieval na ulicu, obsah no\u010dn\u00edkov sa mie\u0161al s\u00a0trusom, lajnami a bobkami zvierat, so zvy\u0161kami z\u00a0kuch\u00fd\u0148 a pomyjami, na ktor\u00fdch hodovali tu\u010dn\u00e9 potkany. Ten odporn\u00fd puch sa najm\u00e4 v\u00a0lete nedal vydr\u017ea\u0165 a \u013eud\u00ed priv\u00e1dzal do mdl\u00f4b. Ke\u010f za\u010dalo pr\u0161a\u0165, spla\u0161ky sa rinuli ulicami a\u00a0tiekli do riek. Len pre predstavu: na konci 19. storo\u010dia po Manhattane klusalo asi 150.000 kon\u00ed a\u00a0pri \u00fadaji, \u017ee jeden k\u00f4\u0148 denne vykad\u00ed 12 kg trusu, celkom, znamen\u00e1 1,5 tis\u00edc ton za de\u0148! Prejs\u0165 ulicou za tak\u00fdchto podmienok bolo takmer nemo\u017en\u00e9, a\u00a0tak mesto zamestn\u00e1valo zbera\u010dov konsk\u00fdch lajen, ktor\u00ed ich nepretr\u017eite zh\u0155\u0148ali do obrovsk\u00fdch kopcov. A\u00a0odh\u00e1\u0148ali muchy, potkany \u010di\u00a0in\u00fa h\u00e1ve\u010f…<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>\u013dudov\u00edt XIV. (1638 – 1715)<\/strong><\/p>\n

O \u010do sa zasl\u00fa\u017eil: <\/strong>O\u00a0vybudovanie Versailles, najsmrad\u013eavej\u0161ieho pal\u00e1ca vo Franc\u00fazsku.<\/p>\n

\u010co bolo predt\u00fdm: <\/strong>Komorn\u00edk stolice, alebo vr\u00e1tnik bavlny, pod\u013ea toho, \u010di ste boli Angli\u010dan, alebo Franc\u00faz.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kr\u00e1\u013e Slnko pri\u0161iel na svet po \u0161tyroch m\u0155tvych de\u0165och svojich rodi\u010dov, \u013dudov\u00edta XIII. a\u00a0Anny Habsburskej, nast\u00fapil na tr\u00f3n ako \u0161tvorro\u010dn\u00fd a\u00a0uvo\u013enil ho po dlh\u00fdch 72 rokoch. Razil heslo \u201e\u0160t\u00e1t som ja\u201c, v\u010faka ktor\u00e9mu zo svojej krajiny vykresal vzor absolutistickej monarchie. \u013dudov\u00edt XIV. mal de\u0148 zorganizovan\u00fd do poslednej min\u00faty, vl\u00e1dnutie ho zrejme vy\u010derp\u00e1valo nielen psychicky, ale aj fyzicky, lebo sa potil ako som\u00e1r v\u00a0kufri. Zo z\u00e1sady sa nek\u00fapal, a\u00a0tak si iba menil spodn\u00fa ko\u0161e\u013eu, pokojne aj osemkr\u00e1t denne. Bol pa\u017erav\u00fd a\u017e hr\u00f4za, a\u00a0tak mu jeho osobn\u00fd lek\u00e1r zvykol predpisova\u0165 konsk\u00e9 d\u00e1vky preh\u00e1\u0148adiel, lebo z\u00a0toho prejedania trpel \u00faporn\u00fdmi migr\u00e9nami a r\u00f4znymi za\u017e\u00edvac\u00edmi probl\u00e9mami i \u010drevn\u00fdmi parazitmi. Raz si takto u\u013eavil od p\u00e1somnice dlhej 15 cm. Pr\u00edslovie \u201eKam aj kr\u00e1li chodia pe\u0161i\u201c neuzn\u00e1val, mal vlastn\u00fd prenosn\u00fd tr\u00f3n v\u00a0podobe vytapac\u00edrovanej truhlice s\u00a0ritn\u00fdm otvorom, a to k\u00a0dispoz\u00edcii v\u0161ade, kam sa vrtol. Aj s\u00a0komorn\u00edkom na to \u0161peci\u00e1lne ur\u010den\u00fdm.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

U\u017e star\u00ed (anglick\u00ed) kr\u00e1li v\u00a0tom mali jasno<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bola to hodnos\u0165 na kr\u00e1\u013eovskom dvore pova\u017eovan\u00e1 za jednu z\u00a0najv\u00fdznamnej\u0161\u00edch. Ten, kto ju vykon\u00e1val a mal ku kr\u00e1\u013eov\u00fdm int\u00edmnym parti\u00e1m najbli\u017e\u0161ie, si u\u017e\u00edval ve\u013ek\u00fa moc. Bol vysoko re\u0161pektovan\u00fdm \u010dlenom kr\u00e1\u013eovskej dru\u017einy a kto sa mu znep\u00e1\u010dil, tomu mohol u\u00a0panovn\u00edka riadne zavari\u0165, koho prote\u017eoval, ten mal ve\u013ek\u00fa \u0161ancu uspie\u0165 aj u\u00a0kr\u00e1\u013ea. \u010c\u00edm viac sa to\u010dil okolo kr\u00e1\u013eovho zadku, t\u00fdm v\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed vplyv si u\u017e\u00edval. Kto bol ten ve\u013eav\u00e1\u017een\u00fd mu\u017e, ktor\u00fd s\u00a0panovn\u00edkom zdie\u013eal tie najd\u00f4vernej\u0161ie chv\u00ed\u013eky a\u00a0ak\u00fa agendu pokr\u00fdval, ke\u010f poznal v\u0161etky kr\u00e1\u013eovsk\u00e9 tajomstv\u00e1? Groom of the stool (komorn\u00edk stolice), tak znel jeho titul na anglickom dvore, vo Franc\u00fazsku sa ujal v\u00fdraz le porte coton (ne\u0161ikovn\u00fd preklad \u201enosi\u010d bavlny\u201c). \u00dalohou komorn\u00edka stolice bolo zabezpe\u010di\u0165 panovn\u00edkovi dokonal\u00fd servis, ke\u010f si potreboval vypr\u00e1zdni\u0165 \u010drev\u00e1. V\u00a0praxi to znamenalo starostlivos\u0165 o\u00a0kr\u00e1\u013eov kone\u010dn\u00edk najm\u00e4 v\u00a0podobe dostato\u010dnej z\u00e1soby vlh\u010den\u00fdch uter\u00e1kov, serv\u00edrovan\u00fdch na \u0161peci\u00e1lnom podnose (\u010di bol tento chlap\u00edk doslova aj utiera\u010d vlad\u00e1rovho zadku, o\u00a0tom ved\u00fa historici spory) a\u00a0ich n\u00e1slednom odpratan\u00ed spolu so vzne\u0161enou kr\u00e1\u013eovskou nakl\u00e1dkou, v\u00a0ktorej sa e\u0161te pov\u0155tal osobn\u00fd lek\u00e1r jeho veli\u010denstva. Komorn\u00edk taktie\u017e pravidelne informoval p\u00e1na medikusa o\u00a0frekvencii kr\u00e1\u013eovej stolice a\u00a0\u010fal\u0161\u00edch detailoch s\u00a0t\u00fdm spojen\u00fdch. O\u00a0titul groom of the stool sa uch\u00e1dzali najm\u00e4 mlad\u00ed ambici\u00f3zni synovia v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch \u0161\u013eachticov, mnoh\u00ed takto od\u0161tartovali svoju hviezdnu kari\u00e9ru, ke\u010f sa po kr\u00e1\u013eovom zadku vy\u0161plhali do v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch funkci\u00ed spojen\u00fdch s\u00a0riaden\u00fdm \u0161t\u00e1tu. Nie ka\u017ed\u00fd v\u0161ak mal to \u0161\u0165astie. Anglick\u00fd dvoran Henry Norris, ktor\u00fd sa na post komorn\u00edka stolice prepracoval v\u00a0roku 1526, bol nielen kr\u00e1\u013eov\u00fdm d\u00f4vern\u00edkom, ale i jeho najbli\u017e\u0161\u00edm priate\u013eom. \u017dia\u013e, v\u00a0kauze Henrich VIII. verzus Anna Boleynov\u00e1 sa pridal na nespr\u00e1vnu stranu a\u00a0po tom, \u010dom bol (krivo) obvinen\u00fd z\u00a0cudzolo\u017estva s\u00a0kr\u00e1\u013eovou man\u017eelkou, mu dal kr\u00e1\u013e nekompromisne s\u0165a\u0165 hlavu. \u0160mitec a\u00a0bolo po \u0148om!<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Letom svetom dejinami Versailles<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201eTam, kde pob\u00fdva kr\u00e1\u013e, zhroma\u017e\u010fuje sa cel\u00e9 Franc\u00fazsko,\u201c znel dobov\u00fd bonmot, ktor\u00fd nazna\u010doval, \u017ee akon\u00e1hle sa \u013dudov\u00edt XIV. aj s\u00a0celou svojou vl\u00e1dnou perep\u00fa\u0165ou pres\u0165ahoval do Versailles, nasledovali ho aj ostatn\u00ed \u0161\u013eachtici, cel\u00e1 masa vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch i ni\u017e\u0161\u00edch dvoranov so slu\u017eobn\u00edctvom, ktor\u00ed chceli b\u00fdva\u0165 v\u00a0bl\u00edzkosti kr\u00e1\u013ea a\u00a0z\u00a0r\u00f4znych d\u00f4vodov sa uch\u00e1dza\u0165 o\u00a0jeho priaze\u0148. Vo\u00a0hviezdnych \u010dasoch vo Versailles \u017eilo od tri a\u017e po desa\u0165tis\u00edc \u013eud\u00ed, napokon v samotnom pal\u00e1ci sa nach\u00e1dzalo viac ne\u017e 700 miestnost\u00ed. Versailles si zvy\u010dajne predstavujeme ako honosn\u00e9 s\u00eddlo, ve\u013ekolep\u00fa kr\u00e1\u013eovsk\u00fa rezidenciu s\u00a0mno\u017estvom \u00fachvatn\u00fdch reprezenta\u010dn\u00fdch komn\u00e1t s pozl\u00e1ten\u00fdmi \u0161tukat\u00farami, vz\u00e1cnymi \u010d\u00ednskymi tapetami, vyrez\u00e1van\u00fdmi dreven\u00fdmi stropmi, ben\u00e1tskymi zrkadlami a kri\u0161t\u00e1\u013eov\u00fdmi lustrami… \u00c1no, to v\u0161etko tam bolo, ale len pre kr\u00e1\u013ea, jeho rodinu, milenky a\u00a0naju\u017e\u0161\u00ed okruh prote\u017eantov. Preva\u017en\u00e1 v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina dvoranov v\u0161ak \u017eila v\u00a0mal\u00fdch tmav\u00fdch byt\u00edkoch, kde sa v\u00a0lete nedalo d\u00fdcha\u0165, bez akejko\u013evek hygieny a\u00a0predov\u0161etk\u00fdm bez z\u00e1chodov. Nieko\u013eko spolo\u010dn\u00fdch toaliet, ktor\u00fdch obsah potrub\u00edm pr\u00fadil do ne\u010falek\u00fdch kloakov\u00fdch j\u00e1m, sa na \u00fazem\u00ed z\u00e1mku s\u00edce nach\u00e1dzalo, ale na po\u010det jeho obyvate\u013eov ich bolo \u017ealostne m\u00e1lo, boli \u0165a\u017eko dostupn\u00e9 a\u00a0ich \u010distenie problematick\u00e9. Preto slu\u017eobn\u00edctvo\u00a0obsah pansk\u00fdch no\u010dn\u00fdch hrncov vylievalo priamo z\u00a0okien. Pokrik \u201ePoz\u00f3\u00f3\u00f3r, ide kr\u00e1\u013e!\u201c sa vo Versailles udom\u00e1cnil pr\u00e1ve z\u00a0tohto d\u00f4vodu – aby monarchovu urodzen\u00fa hlavu nezasiahol obsah no\u010dn\u00edka niektor\u00e9ho z dvoranov. A\u00a0nielen to. Nemeck\u00e1 princezn\u00e1 \u0160arlota, ktor\u00e1 v\u00a0roku 1702 nav\u0161t\u00edvila Versailles, p\u00edsala zhrozen\u00e1: \u201e\u013dudia mo\u010dia vo v\u0161etk\u00fdm k\u00fatoch, aj n\u00e1m priamo pred izbou. Je nemo\u017en\u00e9 opusti\u0165 svoje komnaty bez toho, aby ste nevideli niekoho mo\u010di\u0165.\u201c \u00c1no, tak to bolo. Vo Versailles sa za vl\u00e1dy kr\u00e1\u013ea Slnko chodilo na mal\u00fa i ve\u013ek\u00fa do\u00a0ka\u017ed\u00e9ho mo\u017en\u00e9ho k\u00fata, cikalo a\u00a0kadilo sa na chodb\u00e1ch, na schodoch, v\u00a0rohoch gal\u00e9ri\u00ed, na n\u00e1dvoriach, pri tmav\u00fdch sten\u00e1ch, z\u00a0\u010doho sa \u0161\u00edril odporn\u00fd z\u00e1pach do cel\u00e9ho z\u00e1mku. Smrdeli dokonca aj povestn\u00e9 versaillsk\u00e9 z\u00e1hrady, za ka\u017ed\u00fdm kr\u00edkom, sochou \u010di font\u00e1nkou ste mohli st\u00fapi\u0165 (prepytujeme) do hovna. \u013dudsk\u00e9ho \u010di zvieracieho. \u00c1 propos, zvierat\u00e1, dom\u00e1ci mil\u00e1\u010dikovia, psy a\u00a0najm\u00e4 ma\u010dky si u\u013eavovali kade tade, v\u00a0zdobn\u00fdch komnat\u00e1ch i barokov\u00fdch z\u00e1hrad\u00e1ch. Veci za\u0161li a\u017e tak \u010faleko, \u017ee Kr\u00e1\u013e Slnko vydal nariadenie, pod\u013ea ktor\u00e9ho sa chodby versaillsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1mku mali \u010disti\u0165 od v\u00fdkalov. A\u017e raz za t\u00fd\u017ede\u0148!<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>Alexander Cumming (1733 – 1814)<\/strong><\/p>\n

O\u00a0\u010do sa zasl\u00fa\u017eil: <\/strong>Vyna\u0161iel splachovac\u00ed z\u00e1chod. Tak\u00fd, \u010do nesmrdel.<\/p>\n

\u010co bolo predt\u00fdm: <\/strong>Splachovac\u00ed z\u00e1chod. Tak\u00fd, \u010do smrdel.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sherlock Holmes by iba lakonicky \u0161pitol: \u201eVery simple, my dear Watson\u201c, teda pardon, \u201emy dear Cumming!\u201c A\u00a0skuto\u010dne, tak\u00e1 prkotina a\u00a0ko\u013ek\u00e1 \u00fa\u013eava pre v\u0161etky nosy, no\u0161teky i\u00a0nosisk\u00e1, ktor\u00e9 kone\u010dne prestal ob\u0165a\u017eova\u0165 morov\u00fd z\u00e1pach rin\u00faci sa z\u00a0toalety. \u0160k\u00f3tsky hodin\u00e1r a\u00a0zd\u00e1 sa, \u017ee aj neoblomn\u00fd dom\u00e1ci kutil, na to \u0161iel t\u00fdm najjednoduch\u0161\u00edm sp\u00f4sobom – nastra\u017eil smradom z\u00a0toalety pascu! Sta\u010dilo mu ohn\u00fa\u0165 r\u00faru z\u00a0potrubia do horizont\u00e1lneho tvaru p\u00edsmena S\u00a0a\u00a0vznikol tak vodn\u00fd uz\u00e1ver, \u010dosi ako lapa\u010d smradu, v\u00a0ktorom uviaznut\u00e1 voda poctivo odol\u00e1vala prenikaniu p\u00e1chnucich plynov z\u00a0kanaliz\u00e1cie do z\u00e1chodu. In\u00fdmi slovami, majster hodin\u00e1r vyna\u0161iel hygienick\u00fa bari\u00e9ru medzi kanaliza\u010dnou r\u00farou a\u00a0z\u00e1chodovou misou, ktor\u00e1 sa prakticky pou\u017e\u00edva dodnes. Popritom musel e\u0161te popracova\u0165 na vylep\u0161en\u00ed u\u017e existuj\u00faceho splachovacieho mechanizmu sira Johna Harringtona, ke\u010f spojil pr\u00edvodn\u00fd ventil vody so splachovac\u00edm mechanizmom, tak\u017ee vypr\u00e1zdnenie misy, resp. spl\u00e1chnutie a\u00a0op\u00e4tovn\u00e9 naplnenie potrubia vodou sa udialo potiahnut\u00edm za jedin\u00fa rukov\u00e4\u0165, a\u00a0to bola ve\u013ek\u00e1 vec! P\u00e1n objavite\u013e si dal svoj vyn\u00e1lez \u201ewater closet\u201c (po skratke: WC) patentova\u0165 a na britskom patentovom \u00farade bol v\u00a0roku 1775 zap\u00edsan\u00fd pod \u010d\u00edslom 814. Neru\u0161en\u00fd smradom z klozetu sa potom \u010falej spokojne venoval hodin\u00e1rstvu, v\u00a0ktorom bol e\u0161te v\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed macher ako vo svojej\u00a0z\u00e1\u013eube v\u0155ta\u0165 sa v\u00a0z\u00e1chodov\u00fdch mis\u00e1ch. Pre kr\u00e1\u013ea Juraja III. mal t\u00fa \u010des\u0165 zostroji\u0165 barometrick\u00e9 hodiny a\u00a0v\u00a0roku 1783 sa stal zakladaj\u00facim \u010dlenom Royal Society of Edinburgh, \u0161k\u00f3tskej u\u010denej spolo\u010dnosti pre podporu vied a\u00a0umenia.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

U\u017e star\u00fd Harrington v\u00a0tom mal jasno<\/strong><\/p>\n

Nandina je japonsk\u00fd kr\u00edk, ktor\u00fd vonia tak kr\u00e1sne, \u017ee si vysl\u00fa\u017eil pomenovanie nebesk\u00fd bambus. \u0164a\u017eko poveda\u0165, na \u010do ho pou\u017e\u00edvali v\u00a0nebi, ale tu, na zemi, sa sadil v\u00a0bl\u00edzkosti latr\u00edn, aby prekryl smrad, ktor\u00fd sa z\u00a0nich \u0161\u00edril ako v\u0161etk\u00fdch desa\u0165 r\u00e1n egyptsk\u00fdch dokopy. Ma\u010dac\u00ed z\u00e1chod bol tie\u017e rie\u0161en\u00edm. Vyh\u013abite jamku, urob\u00edte to \u010di ono, prekryjete vrstvou zeminy, pochov\u00e1te smrad. Ma\u010dac\u00ed z\u00e1chod sa vraj kedysi be\u017ene pou\u017e\u00edval v\u00a0\u0161kol\u00e1ch i\u00a0vo v\u00e4zniciach (pr\u00edbuznos\u0165 oboch in\u0161tit\u00faci\u00ed je \u010disto n\u00e1hodn\u00e1). \u010co sa t\u00fdkalo geni\u00e1lneho n\u00e1padu vyhna\u0165 nev\u00e1bnu k\u00f4pku pr\u00fadom vody kade \u013eah\u0161ie, tu si Alexander Cumming uchmatn\u00fa\u0165 prvenstvo nemohol. Zdokonalil iba to, \u010do dvesto rokov pred n\u00edm vyna\u0161iel ist\u00fd extravagantn\u00fd dvoran, pr\u00edbuzn\u00fd kr\u00e1\u013eovnej Al\u017ebety, zn\u00e1my tie\u017e ako jej \u201epochab\u00fd krstn\u00fd syn\u201c, u\u010den\u00fd, pre\u0161iban\u00fd John Harrington, ktor\u00e9ho dvorn\u00e9 intrigy kr\u00e1\u013eovn\u00fa rozz\u00farili do takej miery, \u017ee ho uvrhla do nemilosti. K\u00fdm sa tak stalo, Harrington svojej panovn\u00ed\u010dke daroval – Ajaxa. Ne\u0161lo v\u0161ak o\u00a0\u017eiadneho cudzokrajn\u00e9ho papag\u00e1ja \u010di z\u00e1vodn\u00e9ho ko\u0148a, Ajax bol z\u00e1chod ako lusk, doslova majster\u0161tyk medzi kr\u00e1\u013eovnin\u00fdmi predpotopn\u00fdmi truhlicami, na ktor\u00fdch zvykla tr\u00f3ni\u0165. \u010co v\u0161ak urobil Harrington? K\u00a0zamatov\u00e9mu tr\u00f3nu ukr\u00fdvaj\u00facemu pr\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fd chamber pot pripevnil n\u00e1dr\u017eku s\u00a0vodou, t\u00fa opatril ventilom, ktor\u00fd (popravde dos\u0165 hlu\u010dne) spl\u00e1chol vzne\u0161en\u00e9 kr\u00e1\u013eovsk\u00e9 v\u00fdmety. Dar\u010dek od krstniatka Al\u017ebeta prijala v\u00a0pomykove, nie\u017eeby sa hanbila, sk\u00f4r nech\u00e1pala, pre\u010do by mala nie\u010do meni\u0165 na svojich rokmi preveren\u00fdch kr\u00e1\u013eovsk\u00fdch \u0161erb\u013eoch. Harrington sa v\u0161ak nedal a prekvapoval \u010falej. Svojmu Ajaxu pris\u00fadil dvojit\u00fd \u017eivot: jednak v\u00a0kr\u00e1\u013eovninej k\u00fape\u013eni v\u00a0Bathe, jednak ho pov\u00fd\u0161il na hlavn\u00e9ho hrdinu svojho liter\u00e1rneho diela s\u00a0ve\u013eavravn\u00fdm n\u00e1zvom Metamorf\u00f3za Ajaxu. Pod u\u017e aj tak extravagantnou t\u00e9mou bublala v\u00fdbu\u0161n\u00e1 politick\u00e1 aleg\u00f3ria: autor v\u00a0nej rozober\u00e1 \u013eudsk\u00e9 v\u00fdkaly smradom otravuj\u00facimi spolo\u010dnos\u0165 podobne, ako s\u00fa ur\u010dit\u00e9 nemenovan\u00e9 osoby z\u00a0kr\u00e1\u013eovskej dru\u017einy (menovite nen\u00e1viden\u00fd gr\u00f3f z\u00a0Leicesteru) schopn\u00e9 zamori\u0165 odporn\u00fdm puchom v\u0161etko a\u00a0v\u0161etk\u00fdch vo svojom okol\u00ed…<\/p>\n

Mo\u017eno pr\u00e1ve preto, \u017ee mu ch\u00fdbala Cummingova pasca na smrad, Al\u017ebete \u00a0vyn\u00e1lez \u201epochab\u00e9ho krstn\u00e9ho syna\u201c nijako neprir\u00e1stol k\u00a0srdcu, a\u00a0tak sa na dvesto rokov splachovac\u00ed z\u00e1chod ocitol na smetisku dej\u00edn. A\u017e k\u00fdm ho odtia\u013e nevyhrabal zvedav\u00fd \u0161k\u00f3tsky hodin\u00e1r…<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Simonetta Zalov\u00e1<\/p>\n

foto Wikimedia Commons<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Cel\u00fd \u010dl\u00e1nok si pre\u010d\u00edtajte v letnom dvoj\u010d\u00edsle MIAU (2025)<\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

  Toto je \u010d\u00edtanie len pre siln\u00e9 \u017eal\u00fadky! Vy \u00fatlocitnej\u0161\u00ed sa mu rad\u0161ej vyhnite, no vy, ktor\u00ed radi objavujete neobjaven\u00e9, nap\u00e4to \u010d\u00edtajte. Lebo aj tak\u00e1 delik\u00e1tna z\u00e1le\u017eitos\u0165 ako vypr\u00e1zd\u0148ovanie je nielen biologick\u00fdm procesom n\u00e1\u0161ho tela, ale d\u00f4le\u017eitou vecou \u013eudsk\u00fdch dej\u00edn a kult\u00fary. A ako ka\u017ed\u00e9 dejiny, aj tie o vyp\u00e1zd\u0148ovan\u00ed (do \u010doho, s\u00a0k\u00fdm a\u00a0ako) maj\u00fa […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":13430,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[146,11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-13429","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-leto-2025","category-na-pohlad"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13429","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13429"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13429\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13435,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13429\/revisions\/13435"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13430"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13429"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13429"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13429"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}