{"id":13758,"date":"2025-12-08T23:40:39","date_gmt":"2025-12-08T21:40:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/?p=13758"},"modified":"2025-12-08T23:40:39","modified_gmt":"2025-12-08T21:40:39","slug":"prelet-nad-kukucim-hniezdom","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/prelet-nad-kukucim-hniezdom\/","title":{"rendered":"Prelet nad kuku\u010d\u00edm hniezdom"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>\u201eTri div\u00e9 husi letia na skusy. Jedna \u0161ibne vpravo, druh\u00e1 \u0161ibne v\u013eavo a ty tretia rezko nad kuku\u010die hniezdko.\u201c Spisovate\u013e Ken Kesey spom\u00ednal, \u017ee to jeho star\u00e1 mama mu ka\u017ed\u00fd ve\u010der pred span\u00edm odriekala t\u00fato detsk\u00fa riekanku: \u201eOne flew east, one flew west, one flew over the cuckoo&#8217;s nest.\u201c Ver\u0161\u00edky o migr\u00e1cii hus\u00ed letiacich slobodne do nezn\u00e1ma mu nav\u017edy utkveli v\u00a0pam\u00e4ti, a\u00a0tak, ke\u010f za\u010dal p\u00edsal svoj prv\u00fd rom\u00e1n, po\u017ei\u010dal si \u010das\u0165 b\u00e1sni\u010dky do jeho n\u00e1zvu. Aj Randle McMurphy sa c\u00edti slobodn\u00fd ako vt\u00e1k, a\u00a0to aj napriek peklu bl\u00e1zinca, v\u00a0ktorom sa ocit\u00e1. Tento rok kultov\u00e1 sn\u00edmka Prelet nad kuku\u010d\u00edm miestom osl\u00e1vila p\u00e4\u0165desiat rokov od svojho vzniku. Predstavme si jej tvorcov, ktor\u00ed v\u00a0nej hrali prv\u00e9 husle.\u00a0 \u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/s200.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-13759\" src=\"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/s200-241x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"241\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/s200-241x300.jpg 241w, https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/s200-823x1024.jpg 823w, https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/s200-768x955.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/s200.jpg 961w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 241px) 100vw, 241px\" \/><\/a>Milo\u0161 Forman (1932 &#8211; 2018)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Vo\u00a0filmovej sieni sl\u00e1vy: <\/strong>\u017diadnemu \u010deskoslovensk\u00e9ho re\u017eis\u00e9rovi pred n\u00edm ani po \u0148om sa to nepodarilo: doby\u0165 Hollywood.<\/p>\n<p><strong>V\u00a0titulkoch filmu: <\/strong>Ten, kto h\u00fdbe v\u0161etk\u00fdmi fig\u00farkami na p\u013eaci. Re\u017eis\u00e9r.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Mlad\u00fd mu\u017e on the road<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Prv\u00e1 sn\u00edmka, ktor\u00fa ako 39-ro\u010dn\u00fd nakr\u00fatil v\u00a0Amerike, bola nie ve\u013emi \u00faspe\u0161n\u00e1 kom\u00e9dia Taking off. Predt\u00fdm tento absolvent scen\u00e1ristiky na pra\u017eskej FAMU nakr\u00facal filmy vo svojej domovine, \u010ceskoslovensku a patril k v\u00fdrazn\u00fdm predstavite\u013eom tzv. \u010deskoslovenskej novej vlny, ktor\u00e1 sa v\u00a0kinematografii vzdula za\u010diatkom 60. rokov. Po Konkurze, svojom debute, nato\u010dil \u010cierneho Petra, kde dal po prv\u00fd raz dokopy partiu nehercov, ktor\u00fdch nechal sam\u00fdch improvizova\u0165 dial\u00f3gy. Zast\u00e1val n\u00e1zor, \u017ee \u201eneherci nedok\u00e1\u017eu ni\u010d zahra\u0165 falo\u0161ne\u201c. Tento sp\u00f4sob sa mu osved\u010dil aj pri filme L\u00e1sky jednej plavovl\u00e1sky, ktor\u00fd mu vyniesol nomin\u00e1ciu na Oscara. Potom nasledovala sn\u00edmka Ho\u0159\u00ed m\u00e1 panenko s legend\u00e1rnym hasi\u010dsk\u00fdm b\u00e1lom s\u00a0vo\u013ebou miestnej kr\u00e1\u013eovnej kr\u00e1sy. Vo v\u0161etk\u00fdch \u201edom\u00e1cich\u201c filmoch staval na p\u00f4vodn\u00fdch pr\u00edbehoch, \u017eivej autenticite a\u00a0prirodzenosti: \u201eMysl\u00edm si, \u017ee ke\u010f sa pozorne pozer\u00e1me, oby\u010dajn\u00e9 spr\u00e1vanie v\u00a0sebe obsahuje dramatickosti dos\u0165.\u201c Do New Yorku vycestoval leg\u00e1lne, mal tam to\u010di\u0165 svoj \u010fal\u0161\u00ed film. Po auguste 1968 a\u00a0okup\u00e1cii \u010ceskoslovenska sa musel rozhodn\u00fa\u0165: zosta\u0165 a\u00a0slobodne pokra\u010dova\u0165 v\u00a0tvorbe, alebo sa vr\u00e1ti\u0165 domov a\u00a0nakr\u00faca\u0165 trezorov\u00e9 filmy &#8211; ak v\u00f4bec nejak\u00e9. Zostal. Su\u017eovan\u00fd tvorivou kr\u00edzou nas\u0165ahoval sa do boh\u00e9mskeho hotela Chelsea a\u00a0\u010dakal na \u0161ancu svojho \u017eivota. T\u00e1 pri\u0161la po\u0161tou v\u00a0podobe mal\u00e9ho bal\u00ed\u010dka s\u00a0knihou&#8230;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Rod\u00ed sa pr\u00edbeh \u00faspechu <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Autora ani titul nepoznal. Pohr\u00fa\u017eil sa do \u010d\u00edtania \u201ea hne\u010f mi bolo jasn\u00e9, \u017ee je to najlep\u0161\u00ed filmov\u00fd n\u00e1met, na ak\u00fd som dosia\u013e v\u00a0Amerike narazil\u201c. Okam\u017eite za\u010dal pracova\u0165, tak\u017ee ke\u010f na pozvanie producentov, ktor\u00ed mu knihu poslali, dorazil do Los Angeles, mal u\u017e hotov\u00fd hrub\u00fd scen\u00e1r. A\u017e na mieste mu docvaklo, \u017ee jeden z\u00a0producentov, je syn sl\u00e1vneho Kirka Douglasa. Mu\u017ei padli na zadok, ke\u010f zistili, ak\u00fd bol Forman pripraven\u00fd. \u201eVtedy som e\u0161te nevedel, \u017ee v\u00a0Hollywoode nik ani nehne prstom, pokia\u013e nem\u00e1 zaplaten\u00e9 vopred.\u201c A\u00a0on hne\u010f pon\u00fakal hotov\u00fd n\u00e1\u010drt scen\u00e1ra! Presne vedel, \u010do chce vo filme z\u00a0knihy ponecha\u0165 a\u00a0\u010do vypusti\u0165. V\u00a0knihe je rozpr\u00e1va\u010dom zdanlivo hluchonem\u00fd Indi\u00e1n Bromden, Forman bol v\u0161ak n\u00e1zoru, \u017ee film by mal div\u00e1kom pon\u00faknu\u0165 objekt\u00edvnej\u0161ie h\u013eadisko. Douglas aj Zaentz s\u00fahlasili. Tento talentovan\u00fd Stredoeur\u00f3pan sa im pozd\u00e1val od prvej chv\u00edle aj preto, \u017ee disponovali obmedzen\u00fdm rozpo\u010dtom, a\u00a0tak sa im hodil lacn\u00fd, av\u0161ak cti\u017eiadostiv\u00fd re\u017eis\u00e9r. V\u00a0Prelete mal po prv\u00fdkr\u00e1t do hlavn\u00fdch rol\u00ed obsadi\u0165 profesion\u00e1lnych hercov. Ke\u010f\u017ee v\u0161ak \u0161lo o\u00a0pr\u00edbeh z\u00a0\u0165a\u017eiv\u00e9ho prostredia bl\u00e1zinca, bolo by fajn, hovoril si, od\u013eah\u010di\u0165 ho nejak\u00fdm sl\u00e1vnym hercom, na ktor\u00e9ho by sa div\u00e1ci te\u0161ili. R\u00f4zne zdroje uv\u00e1dzaj\u00fa, \u017ee pre rolu McMurphyho mal v\u00a0merku fe\u0161\u00e1ka Burta Reynoldsa, Forman v\u0161ak vo svojich pam\u00e4tiach uv\u00e1dza Jacka Nicholsona ako svoju prv\u00fa vo\u013ebu. Nicholson bol vtedy princom americkej kinematografie, e\u0161te sa nestal jej ikonou, ale u\u017e mal za sebou dva div\u00e1cky mimoriadne \u00faspe\u0161n\u00e9 filmy: Bezstarostn\u00fa jazdu a \u010c\u00ednsku \u0161tvr\u0165. Keseyho knihu poznal a\u00a0tie\u017e si br\u00fasil zuby na filmov\u00e9 pr\u00e1va, Kirk Douglas ho v\u0161ak vtedy preplatil. To bola n\u00e1hodi\u010dka! McMurphyho mal teda Forman ist\u00e9ho. Hne\u010f za n\u00edm nasledoval mladu\u010dk\u00fd Brad Dourif, ktor\u00e9ho videl hra\u0165 v\u00a0jednom off-Broadway divadle. Jeho \u201ekrehkos\u0165\u201c sa pre rolu detinsk\u00e9ho Billyho Bibbita dokonale hodila. Najtvrd\u0161\u00ed orie\u0161ok v\u0161ak bolo n\u00e1js\u0165 Ve\u013ek\u00fa sestru. Takmer 180 centimetrov vysok\u00e1 \u0161t\u00edhla Louise Fletcher bola v\u0161etko, len nie \u201ekastra\u010dn\u00e1 pr\u00ed\u0161era\u201c, ktor\u00fa Forman h\u013eadal. Pekn\u00e1 \u0161tyridsiatni\u010dka s\u00a0mil\u00fdm \u00fasmevom a\u00a0zdvoril\u00fdm vystupovan\u00edm sa akoby omylom ocitla na kastingu, Forman ju sprvu zamietol, ale potom spozornel: nie\u010do mu na tej jej milote nesedelo, a\u00a0tak jej dal pre\u010d\u00edta\u0165 k\u00fasok zo scen\u00e1ra. \u201eA naraz sa pod t\u00fdm zamatov\u00fdm zov\u0148aj\u0161kom objavila tvrdos\u0165 a\u00a0ne\u00fastupnos\u0165.\u201c V\u010faka nej Forman pochopil, \u017ee na Ve\u013ek\u00fa sestru treba \u00eds\u0165 pomaly: div\u00e1k ju nesmie odhali\u0165 hne\u010f v\u00a0prvej sekunde, despotick\u00fdm mon\u0161trom sa mus\u00ed sta\u0165 a\u017e pred jeho o\u010dami, pomaly a\u00a0plazivo&#8230;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Pozor, klapka! Nakr\u00facame!<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Prv\u00e1 klapka padla v\u00a0janu\u00e1ri 1975 v\u00a0\u0161t\u00e1tnej nemocnici v\u00a0Saleme v\u00a0Oregone. Po mnoh\u00fdch odmietnutiach v\u00a0in\u00fdch psychiatrick\u00fdch zariadeniach to bol napokon riadite\u013e Dean Brooks, kto s\u00fahlasil s\u00a0nakr\u00facan\u00edm v\u00a0jeho \u00fastave (a dostal za to mal\u00fa rolu riadite\u013ea nemocnice). Vern\u00fd svojej \u010deskoslovenskej minulosti vyu\u017eil Forman vo filme skuto\u010dn\u00e9 osadenstvo ako komparz a\u00a0hercov n\u00fatil tr\u00e1vi\u0165 na psychiatrii \u201enekone\u010dn\u00e9 hodiny a\u00a0pozorova\u0165 pacientov\u201c. Ka\u017ed\u00fd herec dokonca priamo na oddelen\u00ed vyfasoval svoju poste\u013e a\u00a0nemocni\u010dn\u00fd \u017eupan. Pre filmov\u00fa \u201ehru na bl\u00e1znov\u201c Forman vyt\u00fd\u010dil vlastn\u00e9 pravidl\u00e1: \u017eiadne extr\u00e9mne prejavy, ako \u017ee by herci mali slinta\u0165, liez\u0165 po sten\u00e1ch, zv\u00edja\u0165 sa \u010di exaltovane hul\u00e1ka\u0165. Podobne ako alkoholik, aj \u201ebl\u00e1zon\u201c sa sna\u017e\u00ed vzbudi\u0165 dojem, \u017ee je norm\u00e1lny. Pod\u013ea re\u017eis\u00e9ra diabol tkvie v\u00a0detailoch, odch\u00fdlky od norm\u00e1lu sa prejavuj\u00fa nebadane. Tak sa odchovancovi eur\u00f3pskej filmovej \u0161koly podarilo do\u00a0Preletu vnies\u0165 prvky \u010diernej kom\u00e9die a McMurphyho posun\u00fa\u0165 do polohy \u201e\u010diernej ovce\u201c, imigranta a outsidera. Forman s\u00e1m povedal, \u017ee Prelet bol aj \u010desk\u00fd film, \u201eo\u00a0spolo\u010dnosti, v\u00a0ktorej som \u017eil&#8230; v\u0161etko to som to poznal.\u201c<\/p>\n<p>Ke\u010f sa z\u00a0Preletu stal hor\u00faci kandid\u00e1t na Oscara, Forman sa hecol a\u00a0nap\u00edsal zdvoril\u00fd list \u010deskoslovensk\u00fdm \u00faradom. Chcel by na sl\u00e1vnostn\u00e9 ude\u013eovanie cien pozva\u0165 svojich synov, dvoji\u010dky Petra a\u00a0Mat\u011bja. \u201eStar\u00e9 pravidlo, \u017ee ni\u010d neurob\u00ed na komunistov v\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed dojem ne\u017e \u00faspech u\u00a0imperialistov, zafungovalo a\u00a0chlapci mohli pr\u00eds\u0165.\u201c Re\u017eis\u00e9r synov videl naposledy ako \u0161es\u0165ro\u010dn\u00fdch, teraz do obrovskej limuz\u00edny, ktor\u00fa prenajal, aby ich patri\u010dne oh\u00faril, nast\u00fapili dvan\u00e1s\u0165ro\u010dn\u00ed t\u00edned\u017eeri. Do Ameriky pri\u0161li de\u0148 pred odovzd\u00e1van\u00edm Oscarov a\u00a0ke\u010f\u017ee cerem\u00f3nia bola nekone\u010dne dlh\u00e1, chlapci zaspali a\u00a0zobudili sa, a\u017e ke\u010f \u201eku\u0161ku\u0161 next\u201c (ako otcov film naz\u00fdvali) za\u010dal zbiera\u0165 jednu so\u0161ku za druhou. Hrd\u00fd tatko deck\u00e1 povodil po v\u0161etk\u00fdch atrakci\u00e1ch v Los Angeles, chlapci v\u0161ak v\u0161ade zasp\u00e1vali. A\u017e nesk\u00f4r sa mu priznali, \u017ee ka\u017ed\u00fa noc spolu bdeli v\u00a0jednej posteli a str\u00e1\u017eili dvere a\u00a0okn\u00e1. \u201eBoli tak\u00ed zblbnut\u00ed komunistickou propagandou, \u017ee neust\u00e1le \u010dakali, kedy sa im do izby vkradne nejak\u00fd narkoman alebo gangster a\u00a0zastrel\u00ed ich.\u201c Ke\u010f sa ich kone\u010dne ktosi sp\u00fdtal, ak\u00fd film by chceli vidie\u0165: \u010di otcov \u201eku\u0161ku\u0161 next\u201c, alebo \u010ce\u013euste, h\u00e1dajte, ktor\u00fd si vybrali? \u010ce\u013euste, samozrejme!<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/NA-POHLAD-Dougla-foto-united-artists.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-13760\" src=\"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/NA-POHLAD-Dougla-foto-united-artists-228x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"228\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/NA-POHLAD-Dougla-foto-united-artists-228x300.jpg 228w, https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/NA-POHLAD-Dougla-foto-united-artists.jpg 607w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 228px) 100vw, 228px\" \/><\/a>Michael Douglas (81)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Vo\u00a0filmovej sieni sl\u00e1vy: <\/strong>Americk\u00fd herec, sex symbol Hollywoodu dev\u00e4\u0165desiatych rokov.<\/p>\n<p><strong>V\u00a0titulkoch filmu: <\/strong>Ten, kto mus\u00ed da\u0165 cel\u00fd projekt dokopy. A\u00a0zohna\u0165 na neho peniaze. Producent.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Mlad\u00fd mu\u017e on the road<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Kirk Douglas ako hrdinsk\u00fd bojovn\u00edk v Spartakovi. Ako boxersk\u00fd tvr\u010fas v\u00a0\u0160ampi\u00f3novi. Ako Vincent van Gogh v\u00a0dr\u00e1me Sm\u00e4d po \u017eivote&#8230; Narodi\u0165 sa ako syn hollywoodskej filmovej hviezdy m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 riadna fu\u0161ka. Vymani\u0165 sa z\u00a0otcovho tie\u0148a. A\u00a0pre\u017ei\u0165 jeho zradu. Michael mal \u0161es\u0165 rokov, ke\u010f sa po divok\u00fdch h\u00e1dkach kv\u00f4li otcov\u00fdm milenk\u00e1m jeho rodi\u010dia rozviedli. Na univerzite v\u00a0Kalifornii po roku presedlal z\u00a0literat\u00fary na dr\u00e1mu s\u00a0t\u00fdm, \u017ee aj on sa chce sta\u0165 hercom. \u010cas\u0165 \u0161t\u00fadi\u00ed prevegetil v\u00a0miestnej hipis\u00e1ckej komunite, nosil dlh\u00e9 vlasy, d\u017e\u00ednsy a\u00a0batikov\u00e9 ko\u0161ele, jazdil na motorke a\u00a0protestoval proti vojne vo Vietname. V\u00a0divadle Eugena O&#8217;Neilla, kam chodil vypom\u00e1ha\u0165 za pr\u00eds\u013eub mal\u00e9ho \u0161teku v\u00a0nejakej hre, sa zozn\u00e1mil s\u00a0kulis\u00e1rom Dannym de Vittom a stali sa z\u00a0nich nerozlu\u010dn\u00ed priatelia. Debutoval sn\u00edmkou Hail, Hero, a hoci jeho v\u00fdkon kritika ozna\u010dila za \u201epln\u00fd energie\u201c, \u017eiadna sl\u00e1va to nebola. Bl\u00fdska\u0165 na lep\u0161ie \u010dasy sa za\u010dalo, ke\u010f ako 32-ro\u010dn\u00fd dostal ponuku hra\u0165 v\u00a0seri\u00e1li V\u00a0uliciach San Francisca. Telev\u00edzia vsadila na osved\u010den\u00fd form\u00e1t krimin\u00e1lky: dvaja detekt\u00edvi ka\u017ed\u00fd t\u00fd\u017ede\u0148 vyrie\u0161ia nejak\u00fa vra\u017edu. \u00dalohy toho star\u0161ieho a\u00a0sk\u00fasenej\u0161ieho sa zhostil zn\u00e1my herec Karl Malden, Michael mu kontroval ako jeho mlad\u00fd, dychtiv\u00fd a energick\u00fd par\u0165\u00e1k. Bola to Michaela maka\u010dka, lebo tesne pred seri\u00e1lom si frustrovan\u00fd a sklaman\u00fd zo svojich hereck\u00fdch amb\u00edci\u00ed zalo\u017eil producentsk\u00fa spolo\u010dnos\u0165 (\u201eStal som sa producentom, lebo som nedok\u00e1zal z\u00edska\u0165 pr\u00e1cu ako herec.\u201c).<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Rod\u00ed sa pr\u00edbeh \u00faspechu<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Pre Douglasa star\u0161ieho to bol \u010dist\u00fd debakel. Kirk k\u00fapil filmov\u00e9 pr\u00e1va na knihu Prelet nad kuku\u010d\u00edm hniezdo a v\u00a0roku 1963 ju uviedol na Broadwayi. S\u00e1m seba obsadil do hlavnej \u00falohy Randla McMurphyho. Len\u017ee hre sa dostalo vla\u017en\u00e9ho prijatia a po dvoch mesiacoch ju stiahli z\u00a0reperto\u00e1ru. Kirk sa v\u0161ak nevzd\u00e1val svojho sna dosta\u0165 \u201ekuku\u010dku\u201c na filmov\u00e9 pl\u00e1tno. Desa\u0165 rokov zh\u00e1\u0148al peniaze, v\u0161etci producenti, ktor\u00fdch oslovil, v\u0161ak boli zajedno: je to pr\u00edli\u0161 pesimistick\u00fd film na to, aby z\u00edskal komer\u010dn\u00fd \u00faspech. Potom si v\u0161ak knihu pre\u010d\u00edtal Michael a\u00a0vyzval otca, aby realiz\u00e1ciu filmu nechal na neho. \u201eKniha sa mi ve\u013emi p\u00e1\u010dila: bol to brilantne koncipovan\u00fd pr\u00edbeh o jednom mu\u017eovi proti syst\u00e9mu,\u201c spom\u00ednal nesk\u00f4r.<\/p>\n<p>Cez de\u0148 nakr\u00facal seri\u00e1l V\u00a0uliciach San Francisca a\u00a0po nociach \u0161tudoval otcove pozn\u00e1mky k\u00a0filmu. V\u00a0t\u00fdch ho zaujali dve men\u00e1. To prv\u00e9 patrilo Saulovi Zaentzovi, b\u00fdval\u00e9mu hip\u00edkovi, obchodn\u00edkovi a\u00a0majite\u013eovi produk\u010dnej firmy Fantasy Films a meno Milo\u0161 Forman mal otec pod\u010diarknut\u00e9 s nieko\u013ek\u00fdmi v\u00fdkri\u010dn\u00edkmi. Kirk sa s\u00a0Formanom stretol v\u00a0roku 1966, ke\u010f nav\u0161t\u00edvil Prahu. P\u00e1\u010dil sa mu virvar okolo \u010deskej novej vlny aj film L\u00e1sky jednej plavovl\u00e1sky. Michael bol tie\u017e nad\u0161en\u00fd Formanovou tvorbou. \u201eJeho film\u00a0Ho\u0159\u00ed m\u00e1 panenko mal presne tie kvality, ktor\u00e9 sme h\u013eadali: odohr\u00e1val sa v jednom uzavretom prostred\u00ed s mno\u017estvom jedine\u010dn\u00fdch post\u00e1v, s ktor\u00fdmi vedel \u017eonglova\u0165. Forman u\u017e nejak\u00fd \u010das \u017eil v\u00a0Amerike, tak\u017ee rozumel jej re\u00e1li\u00e1m, \u201eale st\u00e1le si uchov\u00e1val t\u00fa prenikav\u00fa citlivos\u0165 Stredoeur\u00f3pana\u201c.<\/p>\n<p>Kirk bral ako samozrejmos\u0165, \u017ee bude vo filme hra\u0165. Len\u017ee v\u00a0\u010dase nakr\u00facania mal u\u017e 57 rokov a na rolu McMurphyho bol star\u00fd. Michael sa tak ocitol medzi dvomi mlynsk\u00fdmi kame\u0148mi. Nechcel otca rani\u0165, len\u017ee Forman so Zaentzom ho prehlasovali. Kirk z\u00faril a\u00a0syna obvinil, \u017ee ho zradil. V\u00a0tejto kon\u0161tel\u00e1cii Michael teda ani len nepomyslel na to, \u017ee by McMurhpyho mohol hra\u0165 on s\u00e1m. To by mu otec neodpustil na druh\u00fa! Jeho tip bol Marlon Brando alebo Gene Hackman. Popr\u00edpade James Caan, ktor\u00fd hral Sonyho Corleoneho v\u00a0Krstnom otcovi. Forman presadzoval Jacka Nicholsona, ten v\u0161ak pr\u00e1ve k\u00fdvol na rolu v \u010c\u00ednskej \u0161tvrti, tak\u017ee si na neho museli po\u010dka\u0165. Jane Fonda aj Faye Dunaway rolu Ve\u013ekej sestry odmietli, rovnako ako britsk\u00e1 here\u010dka Angela Lansbury, nesk\u00f4r zn\u00e1ma zo seri\u00e1lu To je vra\u017eda, nap\u00edsala. Do \u00falohy pacienta Martiniho presadil Michael svojho kamo\u0161a Dannyho deVita. Plnil tak dohodu, ktor\u00fa si dali v\u00a0mladosti: ktor\u00fd z\u00a0nich bude ma\u0165 \u00faspech ako prv\u00fd, potiahne toho druh\u00e9ho. Pre rolu Indi\u00e1na Bromdena bolo vysk\u00fa\u0161an\u00fdch \u00fadajne a\u017e 900 adeptov, no ani jeden nevyhovoval predstave ozrutn\u00e9ho kolohn\u00e1ta. A\u017e sa raz Douglasovi s\u00a0Formanom ozval jeden ich zn\u00e1my, majite\u013e baz\u00e1ru s jazden\u00fdmi autami, \u017ee na\u0161iel chlap\u00edka, ktor\u00fd by sa im mohol hodi\u0165. Volal sa Will Sampson a\u00a0ke\u010f vch\u00e1dzal do miestnosti, musel sa zohn\u00fa\u0165, aby si o\u00a0r\u00e1m dver\u00ed neot\u013akol \u010delo. Producent s re\u017eis\u00e9rom na seba mrkli a\u00a0spokojne si vyd\u00fdchli&#8230;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Pozor, klapka! Nakr\u00facame! <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Nakr\u00facalo sa jeden\u00e1s\u0165 t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148ov, nap\u00e4tie medzi Zaentzom a\u00a0Douglasom gradovalo, a\u017e si skoro vz\u00e1jomne struhli p\u00e1r faciek. Zaentz maniacky str\u00e1\u017eil peniaze, Michael ich roz\u0161afne utr\u00e1cal. Obaja sa u\u010dili za pochodu, bol to ich prv\u00fd film. V\u00a0janu\u00e1ri padla prv\u00e1 klapka, v\u00a0marci posledn\u00e1, nasledovalo p\u00e1r t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148ov postprodukcie a\u00a0v novembri \u0161iel film do k\u00edn. Popremi\u00e9rov\u00e9 recenzie sa r\u00f4znili, najm\u00e4 kv\u00f4li tomu, \u017ee kritici film porovn\u00e1vali s\u00a0knihou, a\u00a0nie ka\u017ed\u00e9mu sa pozd\u00e1val Formanov \u0161t\u00fdl. Recenzent z\u00a0Newsweeku si napr\u00edklad s\u0165a\u017eoval, \u017ee filmu ch\u00fdba \u201esiln\u00fd \u00fastredn\u00fd pocit, hr\u00f4za a\u00a0pr\u00ed\u0161ern\u00fd smiech&#8230; T\u00fdm, \u017ee Forman zvolil \u0161t\u00fdl komick\u00e9ho realizmu, zbavil sa z\u00a0ve\u013ekej \u010dasti desu, v\u010faka ktor\u00e9mu kniha vyznela ako prevr\u00e1ten\u00e1 aleg\u00f3ria st\u00e1le \u0161ialenej\u0161ej skuto\u010dnosti.\u201c \u013dudia sa v\u0161ak do k\u00edn hrnuli bez oh\u013eadu na tak\u00e9 \u010di onak\u00e9 recenzie. Prelet bol napokon navrhnut\u00fd na \u00f4smich Oscarov, z\u00edskal p\u00e4\u0165, v\u0161etky v\u00a0tzv. Big Five, Ve\u013ekej p\u00e4\u0165ke hlavn\u00fdch kateg\u00f3ri\u00ed (najlep\u0161\u00ed herec, here\u010dka, scen\u00e1r, re\u017eis\u00e9r a film). Tridsa\u0165dvaro\u010dn\u00fd Michael s\u00a0polodlh\u00fdmi vlasmi, op\u00e1lenou ple\u0165ou a\u00a0v\u00a0\u0161ik obleku vyzeral neodolate\u013ene, ke\u010f preberal so\u0161ku za najlep\u0161\u00ed film. V\u00a0sl\u00e1vnostnej re\u010di po\u010fakoval cel\u00e9mu \u0161t\u00e1bu a\u00a0odk\u00e1zal svetu, \u017ee sny sa plnia, len v\u00a0nich treba vytrva\u0165. O\u00a0otcovi sa v\u00a0prejave nezmienil ani slovkom. Ktovie, ako mu bolo, ke\u010f sedel doma v\u00a0papu\u010diach pri telev\u00edzii a sledoval grandi\u00f3zny triumf svojho syna&#8230;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/NA-POHLAD-Nicholson-foto-Karlovy-vyra.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-13761\" src=\"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/NA-POHLAD-Nicholson-foto-Karlovy-vyra-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/NA-POHLAD-Nicholson-foto-Karlovy-vyra-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/NA-POHLAD-Nicholson-foto-Karlovy-vyra-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/NA-POHLAD-Nicholson-foto-Karlovy-vyra-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/NA-POHLAD-Nicholson-foto-Karlovy-vyra.jpg 1193w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a>Jack Nicholson (88 rokov)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Vo\u00a0filmovej sieni sl\u00e1vy:<\/strong> \u017dij\u00faca filmov\u00e1 legenda, brav\u00farny herec, ale aj playboy z\u00a0presved\u010denia a\u00a0ne\u00fanavn\u00fd sukni\u010dk\u00e1r.<\/p>\n<p><strong>V\u00a0titulkoch filmu: <\/strong>Ten, kto d\u00e1va cel\u00e9mu filmu tv\u00e1r. M\u00e4so, kosti, krv, pot, slzy, cel\u00fa svoju du\u0161u. Hlavn\u00fd hrdina.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Mlad\u00fd mu\u017e on the road<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Zrejme m\u00e1lokto nepozn\u00e1 historku via\u017eucu sa k\u00a0jeho priv\u00e1tnemu \u017eivotu. Historku o\u00a0tom, ako sa vo svojich 37 rokoch dozvedel, \u017ee June, ktor\u00fa pova\u017eoval za svoju star\u0161iu sestru, je v\u00a0skuto\u010dnosti jeho matka (ktor\u00e1 otehotnela ako neplnolet\u00e1) a\u00a0za rodi\u010dov pova\u017eoval babi\u010dku s\u00a0dedkom. Vskutku \u0161kandal\u00f3zne odhalenie, ktor\u00e9 \u00fadajne z\u00e1sadne ovplyvnilo Jackov vz\u0165ah k\u00a0opa\u010dn\u00e9mu pohlaviu. Neveril \u017een\u00e1m, lebo tie, s\u00a0ktor\u00fdmi \u017eil, mu cel\u00e9 roky klamali. A\u00a0svoje \u013e\u00fabostn\u00e9 kotrmelce ospravedl\u0148oval t\u00fdm, \u017ee sa cel\u00fd \u017eivot podvedome c\u00edtil ako druhorad\u00fd a\u00a0z\u00e1pasil s\u00a0nedostatkom mu\u017esk\u00e9ho sebavedomia.<\/p>\n<p>Vo filmovom fachu Jack predstavuje typick\u00fd pr\u00edklad hviezdy, ktor\u00e1 za\u010d\u00ednala od piky. V\u00a0\u0161t\u00fadiu MGM rozn\u00e1\u0161al po\u0161tu a\u00a0odkazy, potom z\u00edskal prv\u00fa platen\u00fa pr\u00e1cu v\u00a0telev\u00edznych seri\u00e1loch a\u00a0popritom tr\u00e9noval sl\u00e1vnu hereck\u00fa met\u00f3du Lee Strasberga v kalifornskej pobo\u010dke newyorsk\u00e9ho Actor\u00b4s Studia. Zh\u00e1\u0148al peniaze na filmy, robil producenta, hral, p\u00edsal scen\u00e1re, re\u017e\u00edroval bezv\u00fdznamn\u00e9 filmy. A\u017e dobov\u00e1 road movie dr\u00e1ma Bezstarostn\u00e1 jazda mu vyniesla uznanie ako hercovi so s\u013eubnou kari\u00e9rou. Po prvom ve\u013ekom \u00faspechu si tridsa\u0165ro\u010dn\u00fd Nicholson dal s\u013eub, \u017ee si v\u017edy bude vybera\u0165 len postavy na hrane, tak\u00e9, ktor\u00e9 mali vznikn\u00fa\u0165 len v\u010faka jeho stv\u00e1rneniu. \u201eR\u00e1d hr\u00e1m \u013eud\u00ed, ktor\u00ed e\u0161te neexistovali.\u201c<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Rod\u00ed sa pr\u00edbeh \u00faspechu<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Hoci rolu spurn\u00e9ho gr\u00e1zla Randla McMurphyho okam\u017eite prijal, zm\u00e1hali ho pochybnosti. \u010ciasto\u010dne ho uk\u013eudnilo, \u017ee filmov\u00fd McMurphy nie je kovboj ako v\u00a0knihe, ale sk\u00f4r \u010dlovek z\u00a0ulice, no aj tak sa vyjadril: \u201eV\u0161etci si myslia, \u017ee som sa\u00a0pre t\u00fato rolu narodil&#8230; a\u00a0\u017ee budem skvel\u00fd, ale ja si t\u00fdm a\u017e tak ist\u00fd nie som.\u201c Aby sa c\u00edtil silnej\u0161\u00ed v\u00a0kramflekoch, na nakr\u00facanie pri\u0161iel o\u00a0dva t\u00fd\u017edne sk\u00f4r a\u00a0so s\u00fahlasom riadite\u013ea lie\u010debne tr\u00e1vil \u010das na\u00a0oddelen\u00ed s\u00a0naj\u0165a\u017e\u0161\u00edmi pacientmi. Jedol s\u00a0nimi v\u00a0jed\u00e1lni,\u00a0dokonca ich sprev\u00e1dzal na terapie elektro\u0161okmi. \u201eOby\u010dajne nem\u00e1m probl\u00e9m vyk\u013aznu\u0165 z\u00a0filmovej roly,\u201c priznal. \u201eTu ale nechod\u00edm domov z\u00a0filmov\u00e9ho \u0161t\u00fadia. Chod\u00edm domov (do bytu ne\u010faleko nemocnice) z\u00a0bl\u00e1zinca. \u0164a\u017eko sa mi tak tvor\u00ed \u00a0odstup medzi skuto\u010dnos\u0165ou a\u00a0fikciou.\u201c Pre Anjelicu Huston, jeho vtedaj\u0161iu priate\u013eku, ktor\u00e1 za n\u00edm pri\u0161la na nakr\u00facanie, bolo \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9 sledova\u0165, ako ho t\u00e1 rola zm\u00e1ha, a\u00a0tak sa rad\u0161ej zbalila a\u00a0odi\u0161la. Po\u010das nakr\u00facania sa Jack zbl\u00ed\u017eil s\u00a0viacer\u00fdmi chovancami \u00fastavu a\u00a0nesk\u00f4r \u00fadajne loboval u\u00a0guvern\u00e9ra Reagana za zlep\u0161enie podmienok t\u00fdkaj\u00facich sa du\u0161evne chor\u00fdch v\u00a0Kalifornii. Forman dovolil Nicholsonovi improvizova\u0165 po\u010das cel\u00e9ho filmu, vr\u00e1tane v\u00e4\u010d\u0161iny sc\u00e9n skupinov\u00fdch terapi\u00ed. Tak mohla vznikn\u00fa\u0165 napr\u00edklad aj nesmrte\u013en\u00e1 veta, ke\u010f McMurphy rozd\u00e1 ostatn\u00fdm karty na poker a\u00a0zahl\u00e1si: \u201eKtor\u00fd z v\u00e1s bl\u00e1znov m\u00e1 odvahu za\u010da\u0165?\u201c V\u00a0roku 1986 sa pre The New York Times rozhovoril o\u00a0svojom stv\u00e1rnen\u00ed McMurphyho: \u201eMoj\u00edm tajn\u00fdm z\u00e1merom bolo, \u017ee tento chlap, ktor\u00fd vie, \u017ee je pre \u017eeny neodolate\u013en\u00fd, v skuto\u010dnosti o\u010dak\u00e1va, \u017ee Ve\u013ek\u00e1 sestra sa n\u00edm nech\u00e1 zvies\u0165. To je jeho tragick\u00e1 chyba&#8230; Preto nakoniec zlyh\u00e1.\u201c Ke\u010f McMurphy v z\u00e1beroch \u0161ibrinkuje bal\u00ed\u010dkom kariet s erotick\u00fdmi kresbami, je to znak jeho b\u00farlivej sexuality a pochybnej mor\u00e1lky, napokon do basy \u0161iel za zn\u00e1silnenie neplnolet\u00e9ho diev\u010da\u0165a. Tento n\u00e1znak temnej str\u00e1nky hrdinu, inak vzbudzuj\u00faceho v\u0161eobecn\u00e9 sympatie, je Nicholsonov\u00fdm osobn\u00fdm pr\u00ednosom do budovania charakteru postavy McMurphyho.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Pozor, klapka! Nakr\u00facame!<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>S Nicholsonom bola rados\u0165 pracova\u0165. Tak to zaznamenal Milo\u0161 Forman vo svojich pam\u00e4tiach. \u201eNad nikoho sa nevyvy\u0161oval, nepo\u017eadoval \u017eiadne v\u00fdhody, ako to b\u00fdva u\u00a0hviezd be\u017en\u00e9. Naopak, trval na tom, aby mal \u00faplne rovnak\u00e9 podmienky na pr\u00e1cu ako v\u0161etci ostatn\u00ed. Na p\u013eac chodil dokonale pripraven\u00fd a\u00a0v\u017edy vedel, \u010do chce.\u201c M\u00e9di\u00e1 \u010dasto zveli\u010dovali ich spor, ke\u010f herec chcel ist\u00fa sc\u00e9nu nakr\u00fati\u0165 znova, hoci re\u017eis\u00e9r ju u\u017e pova\u017eoval za hotov\u00fa. A\u00a0tak sa posekali. \u201eZ toho Jack vyvodil, \u017ee som fu\u0161er a\u00a0ja som us\u00fadil, \u017ee on je neznesite\u013en\u00fd punti\u010dk\u00e1r\u201c, uzatv\u00e1ra situ\u00e1ciu Forman.<\/p>\n<p>Nicholson sa zdr\u00e1hal z\u00fa\u010dastni\u0165 sl\u00e1vnostn\u00e9ho ceremoni\u00e1lu odovzd\u00e1vania Oscarov, nechcel sa po tret\u00ed raz str\u00e1pni\u0165, ke\u010f\u017ee na cenu Akad\u00e9mie bol nominovan\u00fd u\u017e dvakr\u00e1t: rok predt\u00fdm za \u010c\u00ednsku \u0161tvr\u0165 a\u00a0v\u00a0roku 1970 za ved\u013eaj\u0161iu rolu v\u00a0Bezstarostnej jazde. Tentokr\u00e1t v\u0161ak zv\u00ed\u0165azil a jeho charizma, typick\u00fd \u0161ibalsk\u00fd \u00fasmev a neodolate\u013en\u00fd \u0161arm zafungovali na celej \u010diare. Po ohl\u00e1sen\u00ed jeho mena vybehol na p\u00f3dium a\u00a0s\u00a0\u00fasmevom od ucha uchu oslovil publikum: \u201eNu\u017e, mysl\u00edm, \u017ee toto dokazuje, \u017ee v Akad\u00e9mii je rovnako ve\u013ea bl\u00e1znov ako kdeko\u013evek inde.\u201c Obecenstvo prepuklo v\u00a0smiech, rovnako ako ke\u010f v\u00a0z\u00e1vere pr\u00edhovoru po\u010fakoval svojmu agentovi, ktor\u00fd mu pred desiatimi rokmi prorokoval, \u017ee \u201eherectvo nikdy nebude jeho biznis\u201c.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/NA-POHLAD-Ken-Kesey-Ken_Kesey_One_Flew_Over_the_Cuckoos_Nest_photo.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-13762\" src=\"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/NA-POHLAD-Ken-Kesey-Ken_Kesey_One_Flew_Over_the_Cuckoos_Nest_photo-253x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"253\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/NA-POHLAD-Ken-Kesey-Ken_Kesey_One_Flew_Over_the_Cuckoos_Nest_photo-253x300.jpg 253w, https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/NA-POHLAD-Ken-Kesey-Ken_Kesey_One_Flew_Over_the_Cuckoos_Nest_photo.jpg 749w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 253px) 100vw, 253px\" \/><\/a>Ken Kesey (1935 <\/strong><strong>&#8211; <\/strong><strong>2001)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>V\u00a0spisovate\u013eskej sieni sl\u00e1vy: <\/strong>Spisovate\u013e a\u00a0esejista, ved\u00faca osobnos\u0165 americkej kontrakult\u00fary za\u010diatkom 60. rokov 20. storo\u010dia.<\/p>\n<p><strong>V\u00a0titulkoch filmu: <\/strong>Ten, pod\u013ea knihy ktor\u00e9ho vznikol film. Autor n\u00e1metu. <strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Mlad\u00fd mu\u017e on the road<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u201eBol som pr\u00edli\u0161 mlad\u00fd na to, aby som bol beatnikom a\u00a0pr\u00edli\u0161 star\u00fd, aby som sa stal hip\u00edkom,\u201c tvrdil o\u00a0sebe. Napriek tomu sa spisovate\u013e Ken Kesey v\u0161eobecne pova\u017euje za jedn\u00e9ho z\u00a0prv\u00fdch predstavite\u013eov hippie hnutia, ktor\u00e9ho ducha tak brilantne zachytil Milo\u0161 Forman v hudobnom filme Hair. Dlh\u00e9 vlasy, divok\u00e9 hrivy, exotick\u00e9 outfity, \u017eivot bez z\u00e1v\u00e4zkov v\u00a0kom\u00fane, LSD a\u00a0psychedelick\u00e1 hudba, to v\u0161etko nesk\u00f4r pre\u0161lo do DNA gener\u00e1cie hippies. Kesey zalo\u017eil spolo\u010denstvo Merry Pranksters (Vesel\u00ed vtipk\u00e1ri) a\u00a0spolu s\u00a0\u010fal\u0161\u00edmi predchodcami det\u00ed kvetov sa vyv\u00e1\u017eal v\u00a0starom poma\u013eovanom autobuse &#8211; kri\u017eovali krajinu, robili \u201eumenie z\u00a0ka\u017edodenn\u00e9ho \u017eivota\u201c a\u00a0v\u00a0drogovom opojen\u00ed organizovali multimedi\u00e1lne happeningy Acid Tests so\u00a0\u017eivou hudbou. Za \u0161tudentsk\u00fdch \u010dias si privyr\u00e1bal ako no\u010dn\u00fd o\u0161etrovate\u013e na psychiatrickom oddelen\u00ed pre vojnov\u00fdch vysl\u00fa\u017eilcov. Tam sa zapojil do projektu u\u017e\u00edvania psychoakt\u00edvnych drog, o\u00a0ktor\u00fdch sa v\u00a0tom \u010dase \u0161pekulovalo, \u017ee by mohli pom\u00f4c\u0165 pri lie\u010dbe du\u0161evne chor\u00fdch. Nesk\u00f4r sa uk\u00e1zalo, \u017ee tento projekt riadila CIA s\u00a0cie\u013eom sk\u00fama\u0165 met\u00f3dy psychickej manipul\u00e1cie \u013eud\u00ed pomocou drog a\u00a0mal by\u0165 americkou odpove\u010fou na hrozby\u00a0 vym\u00fdvania mozgov zo strany komunistick\u00fdch kraj\u00edn. V\u00a0lie\u010debni Kesey viedol dlh\u00e9 rozhovory s\u00a0pacientmi zapojen\u00fdmi do tohto programu, aby zistil, \u017ee mnoh\u00ed z nich nie s\u00fa \u017eiadni \u0161ialenci, akur\u00e1t sa nevpratali do ko\u017ee v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inovej spolo\u010dnosti. Mali \u010dasto origin\u00e1lne my\u0161lienky, n\u00e1zory a\u00a0poh\u013ead na svet, ke\u010f\u017ee v\u0161ak vyt\u0155\u010dali z\u00a0davu, stali sa \u010diernymi ovcami s\u00fadob\u00e9ho establishmentu, ktor\u00fd ich zavrel do \u00fastavu. Niekto by im mal otvori\u0165 o\u010di. Aby sa spam\u00e4tali. Niekto ako Randle McMurphy.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Rod\u00ed sa pr\u00edbeh \u00faspechu<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Rebel McMurphy a\u00a0despotick\u00e1 Ve\u013ek\u00e1 sestra. Nov\u00fd pacient, ktor\u00fd sa doval\u00ed na psychiatrick\u00e9 oddelenie, hermeticky uzavret\u00e9ho mikrosveta, ako urag\u00e1n. Chov\u00e1 sa absol\u00fatne nepr\u00edstojne, zo v\u0161etk\u00e9ho si rob\u00ed srandu, tr\u00fasi sarkastick\u00e9 pozn\u00e1mky, naparuje sa ako koh\u00fat na smetisku a neviazan\u00fdch chovan\u00edm rozklad\u00e1 Ve\u013ek\u00fd poriadok Ve\u013ekej sestry. Spochyb\u0148uje jej autoritu, odkr\u00fdva jej \u0161ikanu a\u00a0despotick\u00e9 maniere, ktor\u00fdmi pacientov dr\u017e\u00ed v\u00a0\u0161achu. V\u0161etci s\u00fa v\u00a0jej o\u010diach ako jeden: bl\u00e1zni. Ak by aj niektor\u00fd z\u00a0nich chcel vystr\u010di\u0165 ro\u017eky, ona vie presne, kde m\u00e1 zatla\u010di\u0165, zareza\u0165 do otvorenej rany, aby svojho zverenca obrala o posledn\u00e9 zvy\u0161ky \u013eudskej d\u00f4stojnosti. McMurphy to v\u0161ak vid\u00ed inak. Jeho nov\u00ed par\u0165\u00e1ci nie s\u00fa \u017eiadni \u0161ialenci, s\u00fa len in\u00ed, a\u00a0preto spolo\u010densky neakceptovate\u013en\u00ed. Poflakuj\u00fa sa po oddelen\u00ed ako \u017eiv\u00e9 m\u0155tvoly, treba ich prebra\u0165 k\u00a0\u017eivotu, vr\u00e1ti\u0165 ich k\u00a0sebe. McMurphy sa do toho oprie &#8211; nehor\u00e1znymi excesmi, v\u00fdstrelkami, z\u00a0ktor\u00fdch ostatn\u00fdm tuhne krv v\u00a0\u017eil\u00e1ch. Ke\u010f im Ve\u013ek\u00e1 sestra zak\u00e1\u017ee pozera\u0165 baseball, McMurphy sa ostentat\u00edvne posad\u00ed pred \u010diernu obrazovku a\u00a0za\u010dne sledova\u0165 imagin\u00e1rny z\u00e1pas. Ako prv\u00fd sa k\u00a0nemu prid\u00e1 pacient Harding. Vz\u00e1p\u00e4t\u00ed si pritiahne stoli\u010dku Cheswick, potom Billy Bibbit, Scanlon, Fredrickson a\u00a0Sefelt a\u00a0napokon odlo\u017e\u00ed metlu aj N\u00e1\u010deln\u00edk, rozpr\u00e1va\u010d cel\u00e9ho pr\u00edbehu: \u201eA v\u0161etci sed\u00edme ved\u013ea seba pred neza\u017eat\u00fdm telev\u00edzorom, pozer\u00e1me na siv\u00fa obrazovku, akoby sme videli baseballov\u00fd z\u00e1pas zrete\u013ene ako Kristovo oko a\u00a0Ve\u013ek\u00e1 sestra za nami ziape a\u00a0kri\u010d\u00ed&#8230;\u201c<\/p>\n<p>Konflikt medzi slobodou a\u00a0autoritou. Zneu\u017e\u00edvanie moci syst\u00e9mom. Jednotlivec verzus in\u0161tit\u00facia. Sloboda verzus \u00fatlak. \u0160ikana a\u00a0jej obete. Po zlo\u010dine (z \u013eudskosti) prich\u00e1dza trest. Autori knihy Psychiatry and Cinema p\u00ed\u0161u, \u017ee McMurphy \u201esa st\u00e1va postavou Krista, pre ktor\u00e9ho je terapia elektro\u0161okmi t\u0155\u0148ovou korunou a\u00a0lobot\u00f3mia kr\u00ed\u017eom\u201c.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Pozor, klapka! Nakr\u00facame!<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0160tudent tvoriv\u00e9ho p\u00edsania a\u00a0wrestlingov\u00fd \u0161ampi\u00f3n Ken Kesey mal 27 rokov, ke\u010f v\u00a0roku 1962 vydal svoju prvotinu Prelet nad kuku\u010d\u00edm hniezdom. Z jej\u00a0adapt\u00e1cie pre divadeln\u00fa hru o\u00a0rok nesk\u00f4r bol nad\u0161en\u00fd. \u201eKirk Douglas bol tak\u00fd dobr\u00fd, akoby som to nap\u00edsal pre neho,\u201c nadch\u00fdnal sa. \u010co platilo o\u00a0otcovi, sa v\u0161ak nezopakovalo pri synovi. Michael a\u00a0Saul Zaentz po\u017eiadali Keseyho, aby nap\u00edsal scen\u00e1r k\u00a0filmu. Ten s\u00fahlasil a za \u0161tyri mesiace ho mal komplet hotov\u00fd. Producentom sa v\u0161ak nepozd\u00e1val. \u201eBol pr\u00edli\u0161 surrealistick\u00fd,\u201c spom\u00ednal Douglas. Kesey sa postavil na zadn\u00e9, v\u00fdhrady producentov nechcel akceptova\u0165 a\u00a0ich z\u00e1mer vynecha\u0165 z\u00a0filmu Indi\u00e1na Bromdena ako rozpr\u00e1va\u010da cel\u00e9ho pr\u00edbehu pova\u017eoval za absol\u00fatne neprijate\u013en\u00fd. Je to kniha o\u00a0Indi\u00e1novi, o\u00a0jeho ceste k\u00a0sebe a znovu n\u00e1jdenej\u00a0slobode, d\u00f4vodil. Douglas so\u00a0Zaentzom nelenili a najali scen\u00e1ristu Bo Goldmana, a\u00a0ten ho prep\u00edsal od piky. Kesey sa dozvedel, \u010do sa deje za jeho chrbtom a\u00a0Michaelovi pohrozil, \u017ee film zdiskredituje a\u00a0verejne znemo\u017en\u00ed. Douglas so Zaentzom mu zaplatili 10.000 dol\u00e1rov plus v\u00fddaje a\u00a0s\u013e\u00fabili percent\u00e1 zo zisku. To ho na chv\u00ed\u013eu u\u010di\u010d\u00edkalo, ale rozz\u00faril sa znova, ke\u010f zistil, \u017ee McMurphyho nebude hra\u0165 jeho prote\u017eant Gene Hackman. Nicholson sa mu v\u00f4bec nep\u00e1\u010dil. P\u00e1r t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148ov pred odovzd\u00e1van\u00edm Oscarov vytiahol Kesey do boja e\u0161te raz a\u00a0podal \u017ealobu na oboch producentov, v\u00a0ktorej \u017eiadal 800.000 dol\u00e1rov ako od\u0161kodnenie za \u201eporu\u0161enie verb\u00e1lnej dohody a zni\u010denie knihy\u201c a\u00a0tie\u017e 5 % zo zisku\u00a0filmu. Dostal 2,5 %, \u010do vzh\u013eadom na \u00faspech filmu muselo by\u0165 viac ne\u017e dos\u0165. No z\u00a0trucu Prelet \u00fadajne nikdy nevidel, hoci jeho man\u017eelka nesk\u00f4r tvrdila, \u017ee sa sfilmovaniu knihy sa v\u00a0kone\u010dnom d\u00f4sledku te\u0161il&#8230;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Simonetta Zalov\u00e1<\/p>\n<p>foto arch\u00edvy<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Cel\u00fd \u010dl\u00e1nok si pre\u010d\u00edtate v zimnom dvoj\u010d\u00edsle MIAU (2025)<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; \u201eTri div\u00e9 husi letia na skusy. Jedna \u0161ibne vpravo, druh\u00e1 \u0161ibne v\u013eavo a ty tretia rezko nad kuku\u010die hniezdko.\u201c Spisovate\u013e Ken Kesey spom\u00ednal, \u017ee to jeho star\u00e1 mama mu ka\u017ed\u00fd ve\u010der pred span\u00edm odriekala t\u00fato detsk\u00fa riekanku: \u201eOne flew east, one flew west, one flew over the cuckoo&#8217;s nest.\u201c Ver\u0161\u00edky o migr\u00e1cii hus\u00ed letiacich [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":13763,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11,150],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-13758","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-na-pohlad","category-zima-2025"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13758","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13758"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13758\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13764,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13758\/revisions\/13764"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13763"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13758"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13758"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13758"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}