<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Kupova\u0165, alebo nekupova\u0165? <\/strong><\/p>\n Priznajme si, \u017ee v ka\u017edej z n\u00e1s drieme kus n\u00e1kupnej mania\u010dky alebo \u017ee si ob\u010das naordinujeme n\u00e1kup m\u00f3dnych k\u00faskov ako terapiu na ubolen\u00fa du\u0161u \u010di zn\u00ed\u017een\u00e9 sebavedomie. Zamysleli sme sa v\u0161ak niekedy nad t\u00fdm, kto a kde pre n\u00e1s m\u00f3dne handri\u010dky u\u0161il?<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Manufakt\u00fary bez srdca<\/strong><\/p>\n V\u00fdrobn\u00e1 hala, preplnen\u00e1 \u00fatlymi postavi\u010dkami, hrbiacimi sa nad \u0161ijac\u00edmi strojmi za kopiacimi sa h\u0155bami d\u017e\u00ednsov, tri\u010diek, b\u00fand \u010di hodv\u00e1bnych krav\u00e1t. Do omrzenia tie ist\u00e9 pohyby, ten ist\u00fd strih, ten ist\u00fd lem, tie ist\u00e9 stehy. 10, 14 nezriedka aj 22 hod\u00edn denne, \u0161es\u0165 dn\u00ed v t\u00fd\u017edni. Vysok\u00e1 teplota, nedostato\u010dn\u00e9 vetranie, \u0161pinav\u00e9 hygienick\u00e9 zariadenia. \u017diadne \u00fanikov\u00e9 v\u00fdchody, \u017eiadne hasiace pr\u00edstroje, o ochrann\u00fdch pracovn\u00fdch pom\u00f4ckach ani nehovoriac. Namiesto toho tvrd\u00e1 discipl\u00edna, hrub\u00e9 slovn\u00e9 i fyzick\u00e9 zaobch\u00e1dzanie, sexu\u00e1lne ob\u0165a\u017eovanie a mizern\u00fd plat. Najmenej 85% pracuj\u00facich s\u00fa \u017eeny, \u010dasto e\u0161te v mladistvom veku. Zle sa to \u010d\u00edta? \u00c1no, ale to je, \u017eia\u013e, krut\u00e1 realita pracovn\u00e9ho prostredia, v ktorom sa vyr\u00e1baj\u00fa hra\u010dky, elektronika, koberce, k\u00e1va, \u010dokol\u00e1da, top\u00e1nky, no predov\u0161etk\u00fdm oble\u010denie pre drviv\u00fa v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inu multin\u00e1rodn\u00fdch textiln\u00fdch koncernov. A pr\u00e1ve tieto tov\u00e1rne a manufakt\u00fary sa ozna\u010duj\u00fa slovom sweatshop (\u201esvet\u0161op\u201c). Nejde teda o obchod\u00edk s pekn\u00fdmi svetr\u00edkmi, ako by sa na prv\u00fd poh\u013ead mohlo zda\u0165. N\u00e1zov je odvoden\u00fd od slova sweat = pot, symbolizuj\u00faceho atmosf\u00e9ru, v ktorej sa deje v\u00fdrobn\u00fd proces.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Kto o tom vie<\/strong><\/p>\n V\u0161etci! Napokon, ve\u010f nejde o\u00a0\u017eiaden nov\u00fd jav, prv\u00e9 sweatshopy vznikli v Anglicku u\u017e v 30. rokoch 19. storo\u010dia, teda na za\u010diatku priemyselnej revol\u00facie. U\u017e vtedy sa objavili aj prv\u00e9 kritiky na cel\u00fd sweating-syst\u00e9m. No v s\u00fa\u010dasnej dobe tento fenom\u00e9n nadob\u00fada obludn\u00e9 rozmery. \u017dijeme v konzumnej spolo\u010dnosti. Obchody s\u00fa preplnen\u00e9 \u0161atstvom, ktor\u00e9 sa r\u00fdchlo men\u00ed pod\u013ea dikt\u00e1tu pani m\u00f3dy. A tak sme st\u00e1le n\u00faten\u00ed nakupova\u0165 a nakupova\u0165, pri\u010dom sa st\u00e1va aj to, \u017ee k\u00fdm pr\u00eddeme domov, ten ist\u00fd k\u00fasok odevu, ktor\u00fd sa n\u00e1m v obchode zdal tak\u00fd neodolate\u013en\u00fd, strat\u00ed zrazu na svojej atrakt\u00edvnosti a skon\u010d\u00ed kdesi hlboko v (u\u017e aj tak preplnenej) skrini. A pritom si neuvedomujeme, \u017ee sa nad n\u00edm hrbil niekto v Banglad\u00e9\u0161i, Indii, Pakistane alebo inej rozvojovej krajine a dostal za\u0148 len 1 – 6% z ceny, za ktor\u00fa sme si ho my k\u00fapili! \u0160ok prich\u00e1dza, a\u017e ke\u010f sa nie\u010do stane. Vo sweatshopoch sa st\u00e1le st\u00e1vaj\u00fa \u00farazy, samovra\u017edy, ale aj ve\u013ek\u00e9 ne\u0161\u0165astia, najm\u00e4 po\u017eiare. V apr\u00edli 2013 otriaslo cel\u00fdm svetom zr\u00fatenie osemposchodovej tov\u00e1renskej budovy Rana Plaza v banglad\u00e9\u0161skej metropole Dh\u00e1ka – vy\u017eiadalo si 1.129 obet\u00ed. Firmy s\u00edce za\u010dali pozostal\u00fdm vypl\u00e1ca\u0165 dlhodobo finan\u010dn\u00fa kompenz\u00e1ciu, ale probl\u00e9my neskon\u010dili. Ve\u010f ako si inak vysvetli\u0165 pr\u00edpad Rebeccy Gallagher (a mnoh\u00fdch jej podobn\u00fdch), ktor\u00e1 si vlani k\u00fapila letn\u00e9 kvetovan\u00e9 \u0161aty vo svojom ob\u013e\u00fabenom m\u00f3dnom re\u0165azci a ke\u010f si chcela pre\u0161tudova\u0165 n\u00e1vod na pranie, medzi pri\u0161it\u00fdmi etiketami na\u0161la aj ru\u010dne vy\u0161it\u00fd odkaz: forced to work exhausting hours (prin\u00faten\u00fd pracova\u0165 vy\u010derp\u00e1vaj\u00face hodiny) ako z\u00fafal\u00e9 volanie o pomoc…<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u010co proti tomu robi\u0165<\/strong><\/p>\n Ned\u00e1vno pri\u0161li n\u00f3rske noviny Aftenposten so zauj\u00edmav\u00fdm projektom Sweatshop – Deadly Fashion, v ktorom sa dve m\u00f3dne blogerky a jeden bloger ocitli priamo za \u0161ijac\u00edm strojom v typickom sweatshope v Kambod\u017ei. P\u00e4\u0165 10-min\u00fatov\u00fdch dielov s anglick\u00fdmi titulkami oslovilo hlavne mlad\u00fdch \u013eud\u00ed, ktor\u00ed m\u00f3dou \u017eij\u00fa, ale neuvedomuj\u00fa si jej odvr\u00e1ten\u00fa str\u00e1nku. Projekt nielen\u017ee nab\u00faral doteraj\u0161ie \u017eivotn\u00e9 hodnoty hlavn\u00fdch akt\u00e9rov, ale hlavne rozp\u00fatal obrovsk\u00fa medi\u00e1lnu kampa\u0148… A \u010do m\u00f4\u017eeme urobi\u0165 my? Predov\u0161etk\u00fdm by sme si mali, podobne ako pri n\u00e1kupe potrav\u00edn, lep\u0161ie v\u0161\u00edma\u0165, \u010do kupujeme – niektor\u00e9 zna\u010dky pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa ozna\u010denia: fair trade, fair wear a podobne. Ako spotrebitelia by sme si mali uvedomi\u0165 svoj vplyv a prostredn\u00edctvom kampan\u00ed na soci\u00e1lnych sie\u0165ach da\u0165 najavo firm\u00e1m, ktor\u00fdch v\u00fdrobky kupujeme, \u017ee chceme tovar, pri v\u00fdrobe ktor\u00e9ho nedoch\u00e1dza k poru\u0161ovaniu \u013eudsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v. A v neposlednom rade by sme si mohli prehodnoti\u0165 aj vlastn\u00fd \u0161atn\u00edk a predt\u00fdm, ne\u017e si zasa p\u00f4jdeme k\u00fapi\u0165 nie\u010do nov\u00e9 na seba, by sme mali vynosi\u0165 to, \u010do v \u0161atn\u00edku u\u017e m\u00e1me.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Ingrid \u017dalneva<\/p>\n foto Sita<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Kupova\u0165, alebo nekupova\u0165? Priznajme si, \u017ee v ka\u017edej z n\u00e1s drieme kus n\u00e1kupnej mania\u010dky alebo \u017ee si ob\u010das naordinujeme n\u00e1kup m\u00f3dnych k\u00faskov ako terapiu na ubolen\u00fa du\u0161u \u010di zn\u00ed\u017een\u00e9 sebavedomie. Zamysleli sme sa v\u0161ak niekedy nad t\u00fdm, kto a kde pre n\u00e1s m\u00f3dne handri\u010dky u\u0161il? Manufakt\u00fary bez srdca V\u00fdrobn\u00e1 hala, preplnen\u00e1 \u00fatlymi […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1614,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[29,33],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1543","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hadanky","category-september-2015"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1543","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1543"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1543\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1611,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1543\/revisions\/1611"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1614"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1543"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1543"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1543"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}