Z\u00a0najsevernej\u0161ieho \u0161t\u00e1tu Eur\u00f3py<\/p>\n
Simonetta Zalov\u00e1<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Islandsk\u00e9 kon\u00edky<\/strong><\/p>\n Ke\u010f islandsk\u00fd parlament (najstar\u0161\u00ed na svete) prijal v\u00a0roku 1.000 kres\u0165anstvo, bolo to podmienen\u00e9 nieko\u013ek\u00fdmi v\u00fdnimkami, ku ktor\u00fdm patrilo povolenie aj na\u010falej konzumova\u0165 konsk\u00e9 m\u00e4so. To na jed\u00e1lni\u010dku Islan\u010fanov pretrv\u00e1va, i\u00a0ke\u010f v\u00a0men\u0161ej miere ako kedysi – jeho ro\u010dn\u00e1 spotreba sa dnes pohybuje okolo 2,1 kg na jedn\u00e9ho obyvate\u013ea. Predpoklad\u00e1 sa, \u017ee kone na Island doviezli N\u00f3ri niekedy v\u00a01. storo\u010d\u00ed (pred \u013eudsk\u00fdm os\u00eddlen\u00edm jedin\u00fdm cicavcom \u017eij\u00facim na ostrove bola pol\u00e1rna l\u00ed\u0161ka). Islandsk\u00fd k\u00f4\u0148 je men\u0161ieho vzrastu, av\u0161ak pevnej stavby tela, ktor\u00e1 mu umo\u017e\u0148uje nosi\u0165 \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9 n\u00e1klady aj na dlh\u00e9 vzdialenosti. M\u00e1 unik\u00e1tnych p\u00e4\u0165 druhov kroku: ch\u00f4dzu, klus, cval a\u00a0dva typy mimochodov: pomal\u00fd skeid a\u00a0t\u00f6lt, r\u00fdchly \u0161tvordob\u00fd beh, v\u010faka ktor\u00e9mu dok\u00e1\u017ee prekona\u0165 hocijak\u00fd nerovn\u00fd ter\u00e9n. Islandsk\u00e9 konsk\u00e9 plemeno je mimoriadne \u010dist\u00e9, z\u00a0obavy pred mo\u017en\u00fdm prenosom chor\u00f4b na ostrove panuje (od roku 930!) pr\u00edsny z\u00e1kaz dovozu in\u00fdch plemien zo zahrani\u010dia. V\u00a0s\u00fa\u010dasnosti na Islande \u017eije okolo 80.000 kon\u00ed (pre porovnanie: ostrov m\u00e1 nie\u010do vy\u0161e 300.000 obyvate\u013eov). Nebolo to tak v\u017edy: po ni\u010divom v\u00fdbuchu sopky Laki v roku 1783 zahynulo 70 % v\u0161etk\u00fdch t\u00fdchto zvierat na ostrove.<\/p>\n \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n \u010co sa pije na Islande<\/strong><\/p>\n Brennivin, 40 % p\u00e1lenka zo zemiakov, dochuten\u00e1 rascou, naz\u00fdvan\u00e1 tie\u017e \u201e\u010dierna smr\u0165\u201c. A\u00a0tie\u017e pivo, ktor\u00e9ho v\u00fdroba a predaj boli a\u017e do roku 1989 zak\u00e1zan\u00e9, resp. povolen\u00e9 bolo len pivo s\u00a0obsahom alkoholu do 2,25 %. S\u00a0v\u00ednom to bolo o\u00a0\u010dosi lep\u0161ie – v\u010faka \u0160panielom. Ju\u017eania toti\u017e odmietli kupova\u0165 od Islan\u010fanov ryby, ak na ostrov nebud\u00fa m\u00f4c\u0165 dov\u00e1\u017ea\u0165 \u010derven\u00e9 v\u00edno. Prohib\u00edciu teda v\u00a0roku 1933 zru\u0161ili (okrem spom\u00ednan\u00e9ho piva), \u010do v\u0161ak neznamenalo vo\u013en\u00fd pr\u00edstup k\u00a0alkoholu. Alkoholick\u00e9 n\u00e1poje sa na Islande pred\u00e1vaj\u00fa len v re\u0165azci \u0161pecializovan\u00fdch predajn\u00ed V\u00ednb\u00fa\u00f0id<\/span>, vlastnen\u00fdch \u0161t\u00e1tom, ktor\u00e9 maj\u00fa zna\u010dne obmedzen\u00fa predajn\u00fa dobu. Ke\u010f\u017ee alkohol je v\u00a0d\u00f4sledku vysokej dane drah\u00fd, opi\u0165 sa v bare je pre Islan\u010fanov pr\u00edli\u0161 n\u00e1kladn\u00e9. Rie\u0161ia to tak, \u017ee si doma urobia \u201ez\u00e1klad\u201c a\u00a0do barov vyr\u00e1\u017eaj\u00fa a\u017e okolo polnoci, ke\u010f im u\u017e ve\u013ea netreba. A\u00a0tak cez v\u00edkend a\u017e do \u0161tvrtej r\u00e1no n\u00e1jdete na hlavnej n\u00e1kupnej a\u00a0z\u00e1bavnej tepne Reykjav\u00edku – Laugarvergur – plno podgur\u00e1\u017een\u00fdch mu\u017eov i\u00a0\u017eien.<\/p>\n \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n Pol\u00edcia h\u013ead\u00e1 leto <\/strong><\/p>\n Odkedy si pol\u00edcia na Islande zriadila svoj \u00fa\u010det na Facebooku, obyvatelia ostrova maj\u00fa o\u00a0z\u00e1bavu postaran\u00e9. Policajn\u00e9 statusy sr\u0161ia vtipom, trefn\u00fdmi pozn\u00e1mkami a\u00a0dobrou n\u00e1ladou. Tak napr\u00edklad minul\u00fd rok v\u00a0j\u00fani sa pol\u00edcia cez Facebook nechala po\u010du\u0165, \u017ee vyhlasuje p\u00e1tranie po lete. Pol\u00edcia leto vyzvala, aby sa neodkladne prihl\u00e1silo a\u00a0ak tak urob\u00ed hne\u010f a dobrovo\u013ene, jeho vina, \u017ee sa kdesi neopr\u00e1vnene skr\u00fdvalo, bude zmazan\u00e1. Mu\u017ei z\u00e1kona tak reagovali na mimoriadne nepr\u00edjemn\u00e9 po\u010dasie, ktor\u00e9 zastavilo teplomer na 5 \u00b0C, \u010do je teplota aj na Island uprostred leta neobvykle n\u00edzka. Preto\u017ee hoci sa ostrov nach\u00e1dza tesne pod Severn\u00fdm pol\u00e1rnym kruhom, je tam ove\u013ea teplej\u0161ie, ako sa vo v\u0161eobecnosti o\u010dak\u00e1va. Juhoz\u00e1padne pobre\u017eie (vr\u00e1tane Reykjav\u00edku) zohrieva \u00a0tepl\u00fd Golfsk\u00fd pr\u00fad a\u00a0aj ke\u010f tam panuje na na\u0161e pomery chladn\u00e9 leto (v priemere okolo 13 \u00b0C), zimy s\u00fa mierne s\u00a0priemern\u00fdmi nulov\u00fdmi teplotami. Na severnom a severov\u00fdchodnom pobre\u017e\u00ed, ovplyv\u0148ovanom studen\u00fdm gr\u00f3nskym pr\u00fadom, v\u0161ak teploty klesaj\u00fa o\u00a0nie\u010do ni\u017e\u0161ie. Leto na Islande je kr\u00e1tke, trv\u00e1 iba dva mesiace, po\u010das ktor\u00fdch slnko takmer nezapad\u00e1.<\/p>\n \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n Z\u00e1padn\u00e9 pobre\u017eie<\/strong><\/p>\n Akranes je pr\u00edstavn\u00e9 mesto, najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161ie na z\u00e1padnom pobre\u017e\u00ed, vzdu\u0161nou \u010diarou od Reykjav\u00edku vzdialen\u00e9 len okolo 25 kilometrov. T\u00e1to vzdialenos\u0165 v\u0161ak re\u00e1lne meria trojn\u00e1sobne viac – v\u010faka jedinej ceste, ved\u00facej po \u010dlenitom pobre\u017e\u00ed z\u00e1padn\u00fdch fjordov. Ke\u010f v\u00a0roku 1998 dali do prev\u00e1dzky Hvalfj\u00f6r\u00f0ur<\/span>, jeden z\u00a0najdlh\u0161\u00edch (5,57 km) podmorsk\u00fdch tunelov sveta, vzdialenos\u0165 medzi Reykjav\u00edkom a\u00a0z\u00e1padnou \u010das\u0165ou ostrova sa skr\u00e1tila o\u00a045 kilometrov. Jednoduch\u0161ia doprava rozpr\u00fadila v\u00a0meste \u017eivot, o\u017eivila priemysel (v Akranese je tov\u00e1re\u0148 na spracovanie hlin\u00edka) a\u00a0celkovo vytvorila predpoklady pre \u010fal\u0161\u00ed rozvoj mesta a\u00a0zvy\u0161ovanie po\u010dtu jeho obyvate\u013eov, t\u00fdch tu moment\u00e1lne \u017eije okolo \u0161es\u0165 a\u00a0pol tis\u00edc. V\u00a0meste funguje aj futbalov\u00fd klub \u00cd\u00fer\u00f3ttabandalag, ktor\u00fd patr\u00ed k naj\u00faspe\u0161nej\u0161\u00edm v\u00a0celej \u0161portovej hist\u00f3rii ostrova.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Z\u00a0najsevernej\u0161ieho \u0161t\u00e1tu Eur\u00f3py Simonetta Zalov\u00e1 Islandsk\u00e9 kon\u00edky Ke\u010f islandsk\u00fd parlament (najstar\u0161\u00ed na svete) prijal v\u00a0roku 1.000 kres\u0165anstvo, bolo to podmienen\u00e9 nieko\u013ek\u00fdmi v\u00fdnimkami, ku ktor\u00fdm patrilo povolenie aj na\u010falej konzumova\u0165 konsk\u00e9 m\u00e4so. To na jed\u00e1lni\u010dku Islan\u010fanov pretrv\u00e1va, i\u00a0ke\u010f v\u00a0men\u0161ej miere ako kedysi – jeho ro\u010dn\u00e1 spotreba sa dnes pohybuje okolo 2,1 kg na jedn\u00e9ho obyvate\u013ea. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4,20],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-244","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-metropoly","category-oktober-2014"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/244","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=244"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/244\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":246,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/244\/revisions\/246"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=244"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=244"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=244"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}