Z Karibiku<\/p>\n
Katar\u00edna Khosravi<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n Bohat\u00fd pr\u00edstav San Juan<\/strong><\/p>\n Portoriko m\u00e1 ve\u013emi zauj\u00edmav\u00fa, ale z\u00e1rove\u0148 komplikovan\u00fa hist\u00f3riu. Ostrov v roku 1493 objavil Kri\u0161tof Kolumbus, kde \u017eili p\u00f4vodn\u00ed obyvatelia menom Taino a\u00a0ke\u010f\u017ee tento karibsk\u00fd ostrov n\u00e1sledne os\u00eddlili \u0160panieli, dostal \u0161panielske meno Puerto Rico (v preklade \u201ebohat\u00fd pr\u00edstav\u201c). Dodnes je jeho spisovn\u00fdm jazykom \u0161paniel\u010dina a\u00a0ako druh\u00e1 v\u00a0porad\u00ed angli\u010dtina, pri\u010dom len asi 10% obyvate\u013estva je bilingv\u00e1lne. Portoriko m\u00e1 \u0161tat\u00fat tzv. \u201eneza\u010dlenen\u00e9ho \u00fazemia USA\u201c, \u010do v\u00a0praxi znamen\u00e1, \u017ee s\u00edce patr\u00ed pod Spojen\u00e9 \u0161t\u00e1ty americk\u00e9, ale nie je ich s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou. Portori\u010dania maj\u00fa americk\u00e9 ob\u010dianstvo, ale s v\u00fdhradou, \u017ee nem\u00f4\u017eu voli\u0165. Za zmienku azda stoj\u00ed aj fakt, \u017ee hoci Portoriko m\u00e1 len 3,8 mili\u00f3na obyvate\u013eov, \u010fal\u0161ie 2 mili\u00f3ny \u017eij\u00fa v USA.<\/p>\n \u0160panielska kult\u00fara sa tu odr\u00e1\u017ea na ka\u017edom kroku, ale hlavne na architekt\u00fare hlavn\u00e9ho mesta San Juan, ktor\u00fd \u00fazkymi uli\u010dkami, kaviarni\u010dkami, mal\u00fdmi butikmi, obchod\u00edkmi a n\u00edzkymi pestrofarebn\u00fdmi domami pripom\u00edna ulice \u0161panielskych miest. Tak trochu Eur\u00f3py na z\u00e1padnej pologuli…<\/p>\n \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n \u017dabiatka Coqui<\/strong><\/p>\n Neofici\u00e1lny n\u00e1rodn\u00fd symbol Portorika – dva a\u00a0pol centimetrov\u00e1 \u017eabka Coqui (Koki) dostala svoje meno pod\u013ea ve\u013emi vysok\u00e9ho prenikav\u00e9ho zvuku (ko-k\u00ed\u00ed\u00ed\u00ed), ktor\u00fd vyd\u00e1va hne\u010f po z\u00e1pade slnka a\u017e do skor\u00e9ho r\u00e1na (cez de\u0148 \u017eabky spia). Pre zatia\u013e nepoznan\u00fa pr\u00ed\u010dinu tento prenikav\u00fd zvuk vyd\u00e1vaj\u00fa len samce, sami\u010dky nespievaj\u00fa. Hoci Coqui dnes n\u00e1jdete roz\u0161\u00edren\u00e9 aj v in\u00fdch oblastiach Karibiku, ich p\u00f4vod jednozna\u010dne mus\u00edme h\u013eada\u0165 v\u00a0Portoriku: \u017eije tu a\u017e 16 druhov t\u00fdchto \u017eabiek. Okrem zvuku ich charakterizuje aj netypick\u00e1 \u201e\u017eabia noha\u201c – maj\u00fa iba 3 prsty bez bl\u00e1n, zakon\u010den\u00e9 tzv. vank\u00fa\u0161ikom, ktor\u00fd im pom\u00e1ha pri\u013en\u00fa\u0165 k povrchu mokr\u00fdch listov. Tento fakt dokazuje, \u017ee nie s\u00fa prisp\u00f4soben\u00e9 na pl\u00e1vanie a\u00a0ich ml\u00e1\u010fatk\u00e1 sa rodia z vaj\u00ed\u010dok (bez f\u00e1zy \u017eubrienok), ktor\u00e9 matka zn\u00e1\u0161a 4 – 6 kr\u00e1t do roka v\u00a0po\u010dte cca 30 vaj\u00ed\u010dok. Tie a\u017e do vyliahnutia ml\u00e1\u010fatiek (oby\u010dajne od 17 do 26 dn\u00ed) str\u00e1\u017ei starostliv\u00fd otec. \u017dabiatka s\u00fa ve\u013emi mali\u010dk\u00e9, meraj\u00fa iba 5 mm. Portori\u010dania s\u00fa ve\u013emi py\u0161n\u00ed na svoj symbol a ke\u010f chc\u00fa vyjadri\u0165 svoje n\u00e1rodn\u00e9 c\u00edtenie, povedia: \u201eSom tak\u00fd prav\u00fd Portori\u010dan ako Coqui\u201c.<\/p>\n \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n Pevnos\u0165 El Morro<\/strong><\/p>\n \u0160es\u0165poschodov\u00fa pevnos\u0165 Castillo de San Felipe del Morro pomenovali na po\u010des\u0165 \u0161panielskeho kr\u00e1\u013ea Filipa II. Od \u010dias jej vybudovania \u0160panielmi (1540) a\u017e do okup\u00e1cie americkou arm\u00e1dou, bola postupne roz\u0161irovan\u00e1 a upravovan\u00e1. V\u010faka strategickej polohe Portorika v Karibiku \u0160panieli museli nieko\u013eko storo\u010d\u00ed odr\u00e1\u017ea\u0165 \u00fatoky mnoh\u00fdch pir\u00e1tskych lod\u00ed, ale aj anglick\u00e9ho a holandsk\u00e9ho n\u00e1morn\u00edctva, ktor\u00ed sa sna\u017eili dosta\u0165 k\u00a0\u0161panielskemu bohatstvu. Portori\u010dania \u00fatokom odol\u00e1vali takmer 350 rokov, no napokon pod\u013eahli americk\u00e9mu n\u00e1morn\u00edctvu, ktor\u00e9 v roku 1898 ako prv\u00e9 vyhralo vojnu nad \u0160panielmi. Ameri\u010dania sa tak zbavili dlho ob\u00e1van\u00e9ho \u0161panielskeho vplyvu na z\u00e1padnej pologuli a \u0160panieli boli n\u00faten\u00ed post\u00fapi\u0165 vlastn\u00edctvo Portorika (ale aj \u010fal\u0161\u00edch ostrovov – Kuba, Guam, Filip\u00edny) Spojen\u00fdm \u0161t\u00e1tom americk\u00fdm. V roku 1949 sa pevnos\u0165 stala n\u00e1rodnou historickou pamiatkou, spr\u00edstupnenou verejnosti. V roku 1983 ju vyhl\u00e1sili za svetov\u00e9 dedi\u010dstvo Unesco.<\/p>\n \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n Mofongo zo \u201ezemiakov Karibiku\u201c<\/strong><\/p>\n Ka\u017ed\u00e1 krajina m\u00e1 svoje n\u00e1rodn\u00e9 jedlo, v Portoriku je to jednozna\u010dne mofongo – upraven\u00e1 verzia africk\u00e9ho jedla fufu, ktor\u00e9 do Karibiku priniesli otroci z Afriky. Z\u00e1kladn\u00fa zlo\u017eku mofonga tvoria netradi\u010dn\u00e9 zelen\u00e9 ban\u00e1ny, ktor\u00e9 sa od oby\u010dajn\u00fdch odli\u0161uj\u00fa t\u00fdm, \u017ee s\u00fa \u0161krobovit\u00e9, maj\u00fa m\u00e1lo cukru a surov\u00e9 sa nedaj\u00fa jes\u0165. Preto sa aj pova\u017euj\u00fa za zeleninu, a nie ovocie, a maj\u00fa prez\u00fdvku \u201ezemiaky Karibiku\u201c. Ke\u010f zmenia farbu na \u010diernu, znamen\u00e1 to, \u017ee s\u00fa dozret\u00e9. Pre pr\u00edpravu mofonga sa ban\u00e1ny vypr\u00e1\u017eaj\u00fa, tak z\u00edskaj\u00fa chrumkavos\u0165 a z\u00e1rove\u0148 lahodne sladk\u00fa chu\u0165. Rozmie\u0161an\u00e9 na ka\u0161u spolu s olivov\u00fdm olejom, cesnakom, v\u00fdvarom a k\u00faskami slaniny sa sformuj\u00fa do v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ej gule a pod\u00e1vaj\u00fa v ma\u017eiari (starod\u00e1vna trecia miska). Pre fajnovej\u0161ie jaz\u00fd\u010dky modernej\u0161ie verzie pon\u00fakaj\u00fa aj mofongo plnen\u00e9 zeleninou, kurac\u00edm, hov\u00e4dz\u00edm alebo krab\u00edm m\u00e4som, dokonca aj krevetami. Ka\u017edop\u00e1dne stoj\u00ed za to ochutna\u0165 t\u00fato netradi\u010dn\u00fa a \u013eahko str\u00e1vite\u013en\u00fa lah\u00f4dku. Pri objedn\u00e1van\u00ed v re\u0161taur\u00e1cii si v\u0161ak d\u00e1vajte pozor na v\u00fdslovnos\u0165, aby ste si n\u00e1hodou neobjednali mondongo, potom by ste sa iste \u010dudovali, \u017ee v\u00e1m \u010da\u0161n\u00edk priniesol tanier pln\u00fd vn\u00fatornost\u00ed!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Z Karibiku Katar\u00edna Khosravi \u00a0 Bohat\u00fd pr\u00edstav San Juan Portoriko m\u00e1 ve\u013emi zauj\u00edmav\u00fa, ale z\u00e1rove\u0148 komplikovan\u00fa hist\u00f3riu. Ostrov v roku 1493 objavil Kri\u0161tof Kolumbus, kde \u017eili p\u00f4vodn\u00ed obyvatelia menom Taino a\u00a0ke\u010f\u017ee tento karibsk\u00fd ostrov n\u00e1sledne os\u00eddlili \u0160panieli, dostal \u0161panielske meno Puerto Rico (v preklade \u201ebohat\u00fd pr\u00edstav\u201c). Dodnes je jeho spisovn\u00fdm jazykom \u0161paniel\u010dina a\u00a0ako druh\u00e1 v\u00a0porad\u00ed […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4,20],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-247","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-metropoly","category-oktober-2014"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/247","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=247"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/247\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":248,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/247\/revisions\/248"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=247"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=247"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=247"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}