{"id":6535,"date":"2019-04-09T09:22:53","date_gmt":"2019-04-09T07:22:53","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/?p=6535"},"modified":"2019-04-09T09:22:53","modified_gmt":"2019-04-09T07:22:53","slug":"michal-bazalik-vino-je-najlepsi-mierotvorca","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/michal-bazalik-vino-je-najlepsi-mierotvorca\/","title":{"rendered":"Michal Ba\u017eal\u00edk – V\u00edno je najlep\u0161\u00ed mierotvorca"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Cestu k\u00a0nemu n\u00e1jdu len zasv\u00e4ten\u00ed, mal\u00fd dom\u010dek obj\u00edmaj\u00faci mohutn\u00fd dub, nad vinohradom, pod hviezdami. V\u00a0dom\u010deku strom a\u00a0stromy v\u0161ade nav\u00f4kol, dokonal\u00e1 skr\u00fd\u0161a, \u00fato\u010disko, \u00falet i\u00a0splnen\u00fd detsk\u00fd sen. Michal Ba\u017eal\u00edk chcel by\u0165 p\u00f4vodne architektom, veci sa v\u0161ak zvrtli tak, \u017ee dnes pestuje hrozno na sv\u00e4tojursk\u00fdch kopcoch, v\u00a0pivniciach star\u00e9ho renesan\u010dn\u00e9ho domu dor\u00e1ba v\u00edno, na dvore\u00a0pe\u010die chlieb a\u00a0s\u00a0kamar\u00e1tom architektom postavil v\u00a0dubovom lese \u017eiv\u00fd dom. Jeho najbli\u017e\u0161\u00edmi susedmi s\u00fa dvaja barani a\u00a0\u0161es\u0165 oviec, pas\u00faci sa \u010do by kame\u0148om dohodil vo vinohrade, kde mlad\u00fd gazda pestuje zelen\u00fd silv\u00e1n… \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>Ako sa v\u00e1m, Bratislav\u010danovi z\u00a0panel\u00e1ku z\u00a0Karlovej Vsi, \u017eije medzi vin\u00e1rmi vo Sv\u00e4tom Jure? <\/strong><\/p>\n

V\u00a0Jure sa \u017eije v\u00fdborne. Je to \u00fa\u017easne kr\u00e1sne miesto, najviac ma na \u0148om fascinuje okolit\u00e1 krajina, meste\u010dko je obklopen\u00e9 vinohradmi,\u00a0zasaden\u00e9 do\u00a0karpatsk\u00fdch svahov. A pr\u00e1ve vinohrady s\u00fa na\u0161\u00edm miestom pre \u017eivot, kde tr\u00e1vime najviac \u010dasu. Sv\u00e4t\u00fd Jur je mal\u00e9 mesto s\u00a0ve\u013ekou hist\u00f3riou zalo\u017eenou na vin\u00e1rstve a\u00a0m\u00e1 skvel\u00fa polohu, vlakom ste za 15 min\u00fat v Bratislave.<\/p>\n

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Na\u0161li ste si v\u00a0Jure u\u017e svoje miesto? Nepozerali na v\u00e1s star\u00ed machri z\u00a0tradi\u010dn\u00fdch vin\u00e1rskych rod\u00edn tak trochu cez prsty? <\/strong><\/p>\n

Svoje miesto si tu st\u00e1le h\u013ead\u00e1m. Komunita vin\u00e1rov je fajn, u\u017e popri \u0161kole som v Jure obr\u00e1bal k\u00fasok vinohradu a\u00a0star\u00ed p\u00e1ni vinohradn\u00edci ma u\u010dili, ako striha\u0165 vini\u010d. M\u00e1m pocit, \u017ee ma u\u017e medzi seba prijali. Napokon, v\u00edno v\u017edy bolo a\u00a0bude dobr\u00fd \u201ezbli\u017eova\u010d\u201c – aj ke\u010f sa na sch\u00f4dzach n\u00e1\u0161ho Vinohradn\u00edckeho spolku dostaneme do konfliktu, sta\u010d\u00ed nalia\u0165 poh\u00e1rik, dva a\u00a0u\u017e si \u0161trng\u00e1me na uzmierenie. V\u00a0spolku sme dos\u0165 akt\u00edvni, je n\u00e1s tam okolo tridsa\u0165 vin\u00e1rov, rob\u00edme ve\u013ea podujat\u00ed, koncom janu\u00e1ra to bol de\u0148 otvoren\u00fdch pivn\u00edc, v\u00a0apr\u00edli sa otv\u00e1ra v\u00ednna uli\u010dka, na koniec j\u00fana, v\u00a0najkrat\u0161iu noc roka, pripravujeme Sen noci sv\u00e4tojurskej, vesel\u00fd event pln\u00fd dobrej hudby a v\u00edna…<\/p>\n

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A\u00a0e\u0161te ste na 9. decembra vyhl\u00e1sili Svetov\u00fd de\u0148 ry\u0161av\u00e9ho v\u00edna…<\/strong><\/p>\n

To je tak\u00fd trochu undergroundov\u00fd projekt (smiech) n\u00e1s, vin\u00e1rov, ktor\u00ed sme sa rozhodli vzkriesi\u0165 star\u00fa trad\u00edciu sv\u00e4tojursk\u00e9ho ry\u0161\u00e1ka. V\u00a0mestskej knihe z\u00a0roku 1612 je zaznamenan\u00e9, \u017ee vo\u00a0Sv\u00e4tom Jure sa dor\u00e1balo aj tzv. bunt wein. Bunt po nemecky znamen\u00e1 pestr\u00fd, star\u00ed Jurania tak\u00e9muto v\u00ednu e\u0161te aj dnes hovoria \u201ery\u0161kav\u00e9\u201c. Na vysvetlenie: vin\u00e1ri mali kedysi vo svojich vinohradoch zmie\u0161an\u00fa v\u00fdsadbu, niekedy aj biele a\u00a0modr\u00e9 odrody spolu, nie ako dnes, ke\u010f na jednej parcele sa d\u00f4sledne pestuje len jedna odroda. Takto dokopy hrozno aj pozberali a\u00a0urobili v\u00edno, ktor\u00e9 malo prirodzene hrdzavkast\u00fa farbu. V\u00a0Jure sme sa na\u0161li piati vin\u00e1ri, ktor\u00fdm sa t\u00e1to trad\u00edcia p\u00e1\u010di, ur\u010dili sme si zop\u00e1r pravidiel, napr\u00edklad minim\u00e1lne 40 % modr\u00fdch odr\u00f4d v zmesi, \u017ee hrozno nech\u00e1me aspo\u0148 t\u00fd\u017ede\u0148 na \u0161upk\u00e1ch, \u017ee v\u00edno bude rok zrie\u0165 v\u00a0dreven\u00fdch sudoch. N\u00e1\u0161 ry\u0161\u00e1k je tak\u00e1 vesel\u00e1 kopa pln\u00e1 divok\u00fdch chut\u00ed, ale na z\u00e1\u017eitkov\u00e9 pitie ako stvoren\u00fd (smiech).<\/p>\n

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\u010c\u00edm v\u00e1s vin\u00e1rska \u0161kola obohatila a\u00a0v\u00a0\u010dom pribrzdila? <\/strong><\/p>\n

V\u00edno som \u0161iel \u0161tudova\u0165 \u00faplnou n\u00e1hodou. Ni\u010d som o\u00a0\u0148om nevedel, nik z\u00a0mojich predkov nedor\u00e1bal v\u00edno, \u017eiadna rodinn\u00e1 trad\u00edcia ma nepoznamenala, ak ner\u00e1tam dedka, ktor\u00fd si na pergole v\u00a0z\u00e1hradke pestoval nieko\u013eko kore\u0148ov. Jednoducho sa stalo, \u017ee ma neprijali na architekt\u00faru, tak som rozm\u00fd\u0161\u013eal, \u010do \u010falej a\u00a0ke\u010f som natrafil na vysok\u00fa \u0161kolu vinohradn\u00edcku a\u00a0vin\u00e1rsku v\u00a0moravskej Lednici, povedal som si, \u017ee nau\u010di\u0165 sa nie\u010do o\u00a0v\u00edne by nemuselo by\u0165 na \u0161kodu. Prv\u00fd ro\u010dn\u00edk v\u00a0Brne bol pln\u00fd teoretick\u00fdch predmetov, ale potom ma \u0161t\u00fadium za\u010dalo bavi\u0165. Fakt, \u017ee som bol ako nepop\u00edsan\u00e1 tabu\u013ea, neza\u0165a\u017een\u00fd \u017eiadnou rodinnou trad\u00edciou, sp\u00e4tne pova\u017eujem za v\u00fdhodu. Nem\u00e1m z\u00e1brany sk\u00fa\u0161a\u0165 a\u00a0experimentova\u0165, ktor\u00e1 cesta v\u00edna mi vyhovuje najviac.<\/p>\n

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A u\u017e ste si vybrali? <\/strong><\/p>\n

Na \u0161kole som v\u00a0r\u00e1mci diplomovky \u0161tudoval vplyv met\u00f3dy sur lie na antioxida\u010dn\u00e9 vlastnosti v\u00edna. Sur lie je star\u00e1 franc\u00fazska met\u00f3da v\u00fdroby v\u00edna. Zjednodu\u0161ene povedan\u00e9, po\u010das kvasenia vznikaj\u00fa vo v\u00edne jemn\u00e9 kaly, s\u00fa to vlastne odumret\u00e9 a\u00a0rozpad\u00e1vaj\u00face sa kvasinky a\u00a0namiesto toho, aby sa ich vin\u00e1r zbavil, nech\u00e1 v\u00edno ur\u010dit\u00fd \u010das na tomto kvasinkovom sedimente zrie\u0165. Aby sa mu v\u0161ak neus\u00e1dzal na dne, mus\u00ed ho pravidelne premie\u0161ava\u0165. Ja som sk\u00famal r\u00f4zne vplyv tohto zrenia nielen na chu\u0165 v\u00edna, ale i jeho dlhovekos\u0165 a stabilitu. Je v\u0161eobecne zn\u00e1me, \u017ee v\u00edna pripraven\u00e9 ako sur lie (teda na kvasink\u00e1ch, \u010di doslova \u201ena kaloch\u201c) s\u00fa stabilnej\u0161ie a\u00a0odolnej\u0161ie, tak\u017ee do nich netreba prid\u00e1va\u0165 to\u013eko konzerva\u010dn\u00fdch l\u00e1tok. \u010c\u00edm \u010falej, t\u00fdm viac nach\u00e1dzam za\u013e\u00fabenie aj v\u00a0\u201e\u0161upk\u00e1\u010doch\u201c, tak hovor\u00edme v\u00ednam, pri ktor\u00fdch sa hrozno maceruje aj so \u0161upkami a\u00a0jadierkami a\u00a0takto aj zreje. Hr\u00e1m sa\u00a0s d\u013a\u017ekou macer\u00e1cie, s mie\u0161an\u00edm s jemn\u00fdmi kalmi, aby som z\u00a0hrozna z\u00edskal dostatok jemu vlastn\u00fdch, prirodzen\u00fdch konzerva\u010dn\u00fdch l\u00e1tok a\u00a0nemusel do\u0148 ni\u010d prid\u00e1va\u0165. Cel\u00e1 t\u00e1to technol\u00f3gia v\u00fdroby tzv. oran\u017eov\u00fdch, alebo ak chcete, natur\u00e1lnych v\u00edn m\u00e1 prap\u00f4vod v\u00a0Gruz\u00ednsku, kde sa v\u00edno pestovalo u\u017e pred p\u00e4\u0165tis\u00edc rokmi a\u00a0zrelo v\u00a0hlinen\u00fdch amfor\u00e1ch kwevri zakopan\u00fdch v\u00a0zemi…<\/p>\n

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\"\"<\/a>Chcete \u00eds\u0165 teda \u010do najprirodzenej\u0161ou cestou, obnovova\u0165 star\u00e9 postupy a do v\u00edna minim\u00e1lne zasahova\u0165…<\/strong><\/p>\n

M\u00f4j dlhodob\u00fd cie\u013e, t\u00fa\u017eba, v\u00edzia, smer je pestova\u0165 hrozno \u00faplne bez postrekov a\u00a0bez traktora. Nula nafty, nula postrekov. Ale k\u00a0tomu sa mus\u00edm dopracova\u0165 postupne. Z\u00e1kladom zdrav\u00e9ho pestovania hrozna je zdrav\u00e1 p\u00f4da. To je aj alfa a omega permakult\u00fary. V\u00e1\u017eim si krajinu a p\u00f4du, ktor\u00e1 mi odovzd\u00e1va svoje plody a\u00a0chcem, aby medzi nami vl\u00e1dol rovnocenn\u00fd vz\u0165ah, win-win, ako sa hovor\u00ed. Nie\u010do dostanem a\u00a0nie\u010do vr\u00e1tim, chcem robi\u0165 veci dobr\u00e9 nielen pre m\u0148a, ale aj pre p\u00f4du, ktor\u00fa obr\u00e1bam a\u00a0krajinu, v\u00a0ktorej \u017eijem. Je to komplexn\u00fd syst\u00e9m: ak pon\u00faknem rastline dostatok \u017eiv\u00edn u\u017e z\u00a0p\u00f4dy, prirodzene t\u00fdm zvy\u0161ujem jej obranyschopnos\u0165. V\u00a0prvom rade som zo svojich vinohradov vyl\u00fa\u010dil pou\u017e\u00edvanie herbic\u00eddov na ni\u010denie buriny. Vzdal som sa aj umel\u00fdch hnoj\u00edv, na prihnojenie pou\u017e\u00edvam kompost a\u00a0vyu\u017e\u00edvam zelen\u00e9 hnojenie, \u010do znamen\u00e1 vys\u00e1dza\u0165 do vinohradu ur\u010dit\u00e9 bylinn\u00e9 zmesi, ktor\u00e9 obohacuj\u00fa p\u00f4dny \u017eivot. Za jeden z\u00a0mojich naj\u00faspe\u0161nej\u0161\u00edch pokusov pova\u017eujem mini ove\u010dky pas\u00face sa vo vinohrade – nielen\u017ee sp\u00e1saj\u00fa tr\u00e1vy, ale ju aj hnoja a\u00a0s\u00fa tak\u00e9 mal\u00e9, \u017ee nedo\u010diahnu na hrozno, tak\u017ee nenarobia \u017eiadnu \u0161kodu.<\/p>\n

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Bol aj nejak\u00fd ne\u00faspe\u0161n\u00fd pokus?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Asi ten so sliepkami. Choval som sliepky v\u00a0pohyblivom kur\u00edne, ktor\u00fd som pren\u00e1\u0161al pod\u013ea potreby z\u00a0jedn\u00e9ho miesta vinohradu na druh\u00fd. Boli v\u0161ak pomal\u00e9 a\u00a0chutili im len mlad\u00e9 v\u00fdhonky, ak u\u017e zelina zhrubla, nechceli ju. A\u00a0zaka\u017ed\u00fdm ich sk\u00e1ntrila l\u00ed\u0161ka alebo in\u00e1 div\u00e1 zver. Ani s\u00a0prasiatkami to nefungovalo ide\u00e1lne, mal\u00e9 mangalice s\u00edce p\u00f4du kr\u00e1sne poryli a prekyprili, ale ke\u010f sa oteplilo a\u00a0zem stvrdla, u\u017e sa im nechcelo ry\u0165. Potom jedna zdrhla k\u00a0susedovi a\u00a0rozryla mu jeho golfov\u00fd tr\u00e1vnik. A\u00a0bolo po experimente! (smiech)<\/p>\n

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Keby sa z\u00a0v\u00e1s stal architekt, mo\u017eno by ste pr\u00e1ve vo\u00a0Sv\u00e4tom Jure, na mieste star\u00fdch vinohradov, staval s\u00a0nejak\u00fdm developerom rodinn\u00e9 domy… <\/strong><\/p>\n

A\u00a0viete, \u017ee niekedy \u0165a\u017eko presved\u010di\u0165 majite\u013ea vinohradu, ktor\u00fd le\u017e\u00ed ladom, aby ho predal alebo prenajal? Lebo on \u010dak\u00e1 na investora, ktor\u00fd mu za jeho parcelu pon\u00fakne nieko\u013ekon\u00e1sobne viac! Moment\u00e1lne obr\u00e1bam 2,5 hekt\u00e1ra vinohradov v \u0161tyroch lokalit\u00e1ch – Prostredn\u00e9, Pitvory, Pri kaplnke \u010di Ol\u0161iny. Experimentujem aj s\u00a0tzv. PIWI odrodami, kr\u00ed\u017eencami vy\u0161\u013eachten\u00fdmi tak, aby lep\u0161ie odol\u00e1vali hubov\u00fdm chorob\u00e1m (napr\u00edklad aj t\u00fdm, \u017ee bobule maj\u00fa silnej\u0161iu \u0161upku a\u00a0v\u00a0strapci s\u00fa vo\u013enej\u0161ie usporiadan\u00e9), ale pritom si zachovali svoju \u0161pecifick\u00e1 chu\u0165 a\u00a0charakter. Pestovanie odr\u00f4d, z\u00a0ktor\u00fdch sa zvykn\u00fa vyr\u00e1ba\u0165 tzv. bio v\u00edna, ako Hibernal, Solaris, Savilon, Rinot, Malverina, Johanniter, je u n\u00e1s e\u0161te v\u00a0plienkach…<\/p>\n

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Tak\u017ee to nie s\u00fa klasick\u00e9 odrody – Chardonnay, Rizling, Veltl\u00edn, Frankovka, Cabernet? \u0160\u00edpim, \u017ee tu m\u00f4\u017ee narazi\u0165 kosa na kame\u0148, \u010do na to star\u00ed vinohradn\u00edci? <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00c1no, niektor\u00ed \u0161omr\u00fa, \u017ee to sem nepatr\u00ed… Ale patrilo Chardonnay, dnes najm\u00f3dnej\u0161ia biela odroda, do na\u0161ich vinohradov? Pred tridsiatimi rokmi \u017eiaden vin\u00e1r z\u00a0Jura nepestoval Chardonnay, tradi\u010dn\u00e9 jursk\u00e9 odrody s\u00fa Silv\u00e1n zelen\u00fd, M\u00fcller Thurgau, Ryzling r\u00fdnsky a\u00a0vla\u0161sk\u00fd. Pre m\u0148a v\u0161ak d\u00f4le\u017eitej\u0161ie ako meno odrody je pestova\u0165 hrozno bez postrekov. Ak nasad\u00edm odoln\u00fd, siln\u00fd, zdrav\u00fd vini\u010d, nebudem ho musie\u0165 strieka\u0165 a\u00a0v\u00a0kone\u010dnom d\u00f4sledku z\u00a0toho vy\u0165a\u017e\u00edm trojak\u00fd pozit\u00edvny efekt: na v\u00edno, na zdravie t\u00fdch, ktor\u00ed ho pij\u00fa i\u00a0na prostredie, v\u00a0ktorom \u017eijeme. A\u00a0neposlednom rade aj u\u0161etr\u00edm za postreky.<\/p>\n

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Simonetta Zalov\u00e1<\/p>\n

foto Gabina Weissov\u00e1<\/p>\n

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Cel\u00fd rozhovor si pre\u010d\u00edtate v apr\u00edlovom \u010d\u00edsle MIAU (2019)<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

  Cestu k\u00a0nemu n\u00e1jdu len zasv\u00e4ten\u00ed, mal\u00fd dom\u010dek obj\u00edmaj\u00faci mohutn\u00fd dub, nad vinohradom, pod hviezdami. V\u00a0dom\u010deku strom a\u00a0stromy v\u0161ade nav\u00f4kol, dokonal\u00e1 skr\u00fd\u0161a, \u00fato\u010disko, \u00falet i\u00a0splnen\u00fd detsk\u00fd sen. Michal Ba\u017eal\u00edk chcel by\u0165 p\u00f4vodne architektom, veci sa v\u0161ak zvrtli tak, \u017ee dnes pestuje hrozno na sv\u00e4tojursk\u00fdch kopcoch, v\u00a0pivniciach star\u00e9ho renesan\u010dn\u00e9ho domu dor\u00e1ba v\u00edno, na dvore\u00a0pe\u010die chlieb a\u00a0s\u00a0kamar\u00e1tom […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":6537,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[75,6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6535","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-april-2019","category-interview"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6535","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6535"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6535\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6543,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6535\/revisions\/6543"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6537"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6535"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6535"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6535"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}