{"id":7408,"date":"2020-02-06T10:17:14","date_gmt":"2020-02-06T08:17:14","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/?p=7408"},"modified":"2020-02-06T10:17:14","modified_gmt":"2020-02-06T08:17:14","slug":"biskek","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/biskek\/","title":{"rendered":"Bi\u0161kek"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\"\"<\/a>V zemi, kde zajtra znamen\u00e1 v\u010dera<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ke\u010f sa v roku 1926 Frunze stalo hlavn\u00fdm mestom Kirgizskej auton\u00f3mnej republiky, z Brna a\u00a0zo \u017diliny sa vypravili \u0161peci\u00e1lne vlaky s tis\u00edckou mlad\u00fdch komunistick\u00fdch nad\u0161encov s rodinami, ktor\u00ed sa v\u00a0r\u00e1mci spolo\u010denstva Interhelpo dobrovo\u013ene rozhodli pom\u00f4c\u0165 tamoj\u0161\u00edm s\u00fadruhom s industrializ\u00e1ciou. Boli medzi nimi aj rodina Dub\u010dekovcov a Alexander Dub\u010dek tu str\u00e1vil ran\u00e9 roky svojho detstva. Vag\u00f3ny z \u010ceskoslovenska priviezli cel\u00fa p\u00edlu, stol\u00e1rske, z\u00e1mo\u010dn\u00edcke, kraj\u010d\u00edrske, obuvn\u00edcke \u010di in\u00e9 priemyseln\u00e9 stroje a prvou stavbou, ktor\u00e1 vznikala e\u0161te pod hol\u00fdm nebom, bola tehel\u0148a. Mlad\u00e9 rodiny to nemali \u013eahk\u00e9, ve\u013ek\u00fd po\u017eiar zni\u010dil prv\u00e9 postaven\u00e9 budovy a na t\u00fdfus zomrelo 40 det\u00ed. Ale el\u00e1n pretrv\u00e1val, pribudla elektr\u00e1re\u0148, mlyn s pek\u00e1r\u0148ou, cukrovar a r\u00f4zne tov\u00e1rne. Interhelpo bolo zlikvidovan\u00e9 v roku 1943 a paradoxne viacero jeho \u010dlenov v neskor\u0161\u00edch rokoch vyhl\u00e1sili za nepriate\u013eov Sovietskeho zv\u00e4zu. Dnes je Bi\u0161kek najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edm mestom Kirgizska, \u017eije tu vy\u0161e 900.000 obyvate\u013eov. S\u00fa\u010dasn\u00e9 pomenovanie je vraj odvoden\u00e9 od n\u00e1zvu drevenej palice, pomocou ktorej nom\u00e1di vyr\u00e1baj\u00fa svoj tradi\u010dn\u00fd n\u00e1poj kumys.<\/p>\n

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\"\"<\/a>Uprostred h\u00f4r a zelene<\/strong><\/p>\n

Pam\u00e4tn\u00edci socializmu si hlavn\u00e9 mesto Kirgizska pam\u00e4taj\u00fa ako Frunze – pomenovan\u00e9 pod\u013ea velite\u013ea \u010cervenej arm\u00e1dy Michaila Frunzeho, ktor\u00fd v ob\u010dianskej vojne bojoval proti bielogvardejcom. E\u0161te aj dnes sa tu nach\u00e1dza dom, v s\u00fa\u010dasnosti m\u00fazeum, v ktorom sa tento sl\u00e1vny rod\u00e1k narodil a str\u00e1vil svoje detstvo. Po rozpade Sovietskeho zv\u00e4zu sa obyvatelia samostatnej republiky vr\u00e1tili k p\u00f4vodn\u00e9mu pomenovaniu. V \u010dasoch Hodv\u00e1bnej cesty sa tu nach\u00e1dzal d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fd obchodn\u00fd uzol D\u017eul a v roku 1825 tu kokandsk\u00fd ch\u00e1n Modali nechal postavi\u0165 pevnos\u0165 Pi\u0161pek, ktor\u00fa zni\u010dili jednotky c\u00e1rskeho vojska a na jej mieste vybudovali koz\u00e1cku z\u00e1klad\u0148u. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 sa tu za\u010dal rozv\u00edja\u0165 najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed baz\u00e1r v celom \u00fadol\u00ed \u010cuj a miesto obkolesen\u00e9 horsk\u00fdmi mas\u00edvmi \u0164an\u0161anu v roku 1878 z\u00edskalo \u0161tat\u00fat mesta. Aj dnes prekvap\u00ed mno\u017estvom zelene, na uliciach a n\u00e1mestiach rast\u00fa okrasn\u00e9 aj ovocn\u00e9 stromy, bulv\u00e1re lemuj\u00fa parky a lesy. K najob\u013e\u00fabenej\u0161\u00edm zelen\u00fdm o\u00e1zam patr\u00ed Dubov\u00fd park, niektor\u00e9 stromy maj\u00fa viac ako sto rokov. Ne\u010faleko parku sa nach\u00e1dza pam\u00e4tn\u00edk legend\u00e1rnej bojovn\u00ed\u010dky Kurmand\u017ean Datka, dc\u00e9ry z majetnej rodiny z pohoria Alaj, ktor\u00e1 sa najprv vzoprela dohodnut\u00e9mu sob\u00e1\u0161u s nemilovan\u00fdm mu\u017eom a nesk\u00f4r viedla ozbrojen\u00fd odpor proti Rusom. Dnes je uctievan\u00e1 ako \u201eC\u00e1rovn\u00e1 z Alaja\u201c a jej portr\u00e9t zdob\u00ed 50-somov\u00fa bankovku.<\/p>\n

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\"\"<\/a>Na O\u0161skom baz\u00e1re<\/strong><\/p>\n

V Bi\u0161keku n\u00e1jdete viacero baz\u00e1rov, ten najzn\u00e1mej\u0161\u00ed, a to v r\u00e1mci celej krajiny, je O\u0161sk\u00fd. H\u00e1dam najpestrej\u0161iu \u010das\u0165 tvor\u00ed sekcia s potravinami – st\u00e1nky predava\u010dov ovocia a zeleniny, obchodn\u00edkov s koreninami a su\u0161en\u00fdmi plodmi, pulty k\u00f3rejsk\u00fdch predava\u010diek so \u0161al\u00e1tmi a in\u00fdmi kulin\u00e1rskymi \u0161pecialitami. Okr\u00fahle \u010derstvo upe\u010den\u00e9 pecne chleba sa \u010dasto pred\u00e1vaj\u00fa v\u00a0star\u00fdch ko\u010d\u00edkoch. A nesm\u00fa ch\u00fdba\u0165 ani biele gu\u013e\u00f4\u010dky zo su\u0161en\u00e9ho jogurtu, churuty a n\u00e1rodn\u00fd n\u00e1poj kumys, fermentovan\u00e9 kobylie mlieko. V \u010fal\u0161\u00edch \u010dastiach trhoviska sa pred\u00e1vaj\u00fa kuchynsk\u00e9 potreby, oble\u010denie, tradi\u010dn\u00e9 detsk\u00e9 kol\u00edsky be\u0161ik a ve\u013ea st\u00e1nkov pon\u00faka v\u0161etko potrebn\u00e9 pre kone a jazdcov: \u010di\u017emy, \u0161peci\u00e1lny odev pre sviato\u010dn\u00e9 podujatia, postroje, sedl\u00e1, opraty, ohl\u00e1vky, strmene, zubadl\u00e1, podkovy, bi\u010de… Kirgizi s\u00fa od nepam\u00e4ti majstri jazdeck\u00e9ho umenia, aj ich najob\u013e\u00fabenej\u0161ie hry s\u00fa spojen\u00e9 s ko\u0148mi.<\/p>\n

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\"\"<\/a>Starobyl\u00e1 Burana<\/strong><\/p>\n

Len 50 km od Bi\u0161keku stoj\u00ed najd\u00f4le\u017eitej\u0161\u00ed architektonick\u00fd pam\u00e4tn\u00edk celej krajiny – Burana. Pr\u00e1ve tu sa kedysi nach\u00e1dzal legend\u00e1rny Balasagun, severn\u00e9 hlavn\u00e9 mesto Karachanidov. Najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed rozmach zaznamenalo v 10. a 11. storo\u010d\u00ed, kedy patrilo k najv\u00fdznamnej\u0161\u00edm miestam v celej Strednej \u00c1zii. Pod\u013ea dobov\u00fdch cestovate\u013eov v \u0148om st\u00e1lo a\u017e 40 ve\u013ek\u00fdch, 200 mal\u00fdch me\u0161\u00edt a 10 kor\u00e1nov\u00fdch \u0161k\u00f4l, no jedin\u00e9, \u010do z mesta ostalo, je minaret. P\u00f4vodne sa p\u00fd\u0161il v\u00fd\u0161kou 45 metrov, ale po silnom zemetrasen\u00ed sa zr\u00fatila jeho horn\u00e1 \u010das\u0165 a dnes m\u00e1 len 22 metrov. Aj napriek tomu pon\u00faka z\u00a0ve\u017ee kr\u00e1sny v\u00fdh\u013ead na \u00fadolie \u010cuj. Meno Burana pravdepodobne vzniklo skomolen\u00edm arabsk\u00e9ho slova monara, \u010do znamen\u00e1 minaret. Zvonka je oblo\u017een\u00fd p\u00e1len\u00fdmi tehlami, ktor\u00e9 v nieko\u013ek\u00fdch radoch vytv\u00e1raj\u00fa r\u00f4zne geometrick\u00e9 vzory. Historick\u00fd monument sa stal ob\u013e\u00faben\u00fdm v\u00fdletn\u00fdm cie\u013eom turistov i obyvate\u013eov hlavn\u00e9ho mesta.<\/p>\n

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Z\u00a0Kirgizska<\/p>\n

Ingrid \u017dalneva<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

  V zemi, kde zajtra znamen\u00e1 v\u010dera Ke\u010f sa v roku 1926 Frunze stalo hlavn\u00fdm mestom Kirgizskej auton\u00f3mnej republiky, z Brna a\u00a0zo \u017diliny sa vypravili \u0161peci\u00e1lne vlaky s tis\u00edckou mlad\u00fdch komunistick\u00fdch nad\u0161encov s rodinami, ktor\u00ed sa v\u00a0r\u00e1mci spolo\u010denstva Interhelpo dobrovo\u013ene rozhodli pom\u00f4c\u0165 tamoj\u0161\u00edm s\u00fadruhom s industrializ\u00e1ciou. Boli medzi nimi aj rodina Dub\u010dekovcov a Alexander Dub\u010dek […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":7412,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[83,4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7408","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-februar-2020","category-metropoly"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7408","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7408"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7408\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7414,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7408\/revisions\/7414"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7412"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7408"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7408"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7408"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}