Z\u00a0Izraela<\/p>\n
Simonetta Zalov\u00e1<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Posv\u00e4tn\u00fd Tiberias<\/strong><\/p>\n Tiberias le\u017e\u00ed na z\u00e1padnom brehu Galilejsk\u00e9ho jazera a patr\u00ed k \u0161tyrom najposv\u00e4tnej\u0161\u00edm miestam judaizmu.\u00a0Z\u00e1rove\u0148 je zn\u00e1mym letoviskom, kam pr\u00fadi izraelsk\u00e1 ml\u00e1de\u017e, aby sa zabavila v\u00a0tamoj\u0161\u00edch baroch a\u00a0re\u0161taur\u00e1ci\u00e1ch. Tiberias vznikol za vl\u00e1dy Herodesa Antipasa, ktor\u00fd do dej\u00edn vo\u0161iel ako ten, \u010do dal s\u0165a\u0165 J\u00e1na Krstite\u013ea. Herodes ho s\u00edce dal postavi\u0165 na po\u010des\u0165 r\u00edmskeho cis\u00e1ra Tiberia, no status posv\u00e4tn\u00e9ho mesta si vysl\u00fa\u017eil v\u010faka neskor\u0161\u00edm dejin\u00e1m – od roku 150 n.l. tu s\u00eddlil \u017eidovsk\u00fd Sanhedrin (najvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed s\u00fad starovek\u00e9ho Izraela), bola sp\u00edsan\u00e1 Mi\u0161na (v\u00fdklad n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdch z\u00e1konov T\u00f3ry, rozpracovan\u00fdch pre ka\u017edodenn\u00fd \u017eivot) a\u00a0v\u00a018. a\u00a019. storo\u010d\u00ed sa\u00a0mesto stalo s\u00eddlom mnoh\u00fdch v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch rab\u00ednov. V\u00a0s\u00fa\u010dasnosti Tiberias profituje z\u00a0cestovn\u00e9ho ruchu: jednak kv\u00f4li tesnej bl\u00edzkosti Galilejsk\u00e9ho jazera, jednak kv\u00f4li miestnym lie\u010div\u00fdm prame\u0148om, ktor\u00e9 vyh\u013ead\u00e1vaj\u00fa dom\u00e1ci s\u00a0chorobami pohybov\u00e9ho \u00fastrojenstva.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Galilejsk\u00e9 more<\/strong><\/p>\n Hovor\u00ed sa mu tie\u017e Genezaretsk\u00e9, ale samotn\u00ed Izrael\u010dania ho naz\u00fdvaj\u00fa Kineretsk\u00e9. O\u00a0\u017eiadne more v\u0161ak nejde, jazero je zo severu na juh dlh\u00e9 21 km a \u0161irok\u00e9 13 km. Z\u00a0geografick\u00e9ho h\u013eadiska je zauj\u00edmav\u00fdm pr\u00edrodn\u00fdm \u00fakazom: le\u017e\u00ed 212\u00a0metrov pod \u00farov\u0148ou svetov\u00e9ho oce\u00e1nu, a tak je najni\u017e\u0161ie polo\u017een\u00fdm sladkovodn\u00fdm jezerom na svete (po M\u0155tvom mori v\u00f4bec druh\u00fdm najni\u017e\u0161ie polo\u017een\u00fdm jazerom). Z\u00e1rove\u0148 pln\u00ed funkciu hlavn\u00e9ho zdroja pitnej vody pre Izrael a na z\u00e1klade izraelsko-jord\u00e1nskej mierovej zmluvy sa \u010das\u0165 vody odv\u00e1dza aj do bl\u00edzkeho Jord\u00e1nska. Hladinu jazera kri\u017euj\u00fa vyhliadkov\u00e9 lodi\u010dky s turistami a jeho okolie lemuj\u00fa pl\u00e1\u017ei\u010dky a z\u00e1hradn\u00e9 re\u0161taur\u00e1cie, v\u00a0ktor\u00fdch sa ako hlavn\u00e1 delikatesa pod\u00e1va tzv. ryba sv\u00e4t\u00e9ho Petra. Od biblick\u00fdch \u010dias je jazero zn\u00e1me hojnos\u0165ou r\u00fdb, prv\u00ed Je\u017ei\u0161ovi u\u010dedn\u00edci poch\u00e1dzali pr\u00e1ve odtia\u013eto, boli pov\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou jednoduch\u00ed ryb\u00e1ri, vr\u00e1tane Petra a jeho brata. Je\u017ei\u0161 ich vyzval, aby \u0161li s\u00a0n\u00edm, \u017ee on z\u00a0nich urob\u00ed ryb\u00e1rov \u013eud\u00ed. S\u00a0Galilejsk\u00fdm jazerom sa sp\u00e1ja tie\u017e ve\u013ea Je\u017ei\u0161ov\u00fdch verejn\u00fdch vyst\u00fapen\u00ed, pr\u00e1ve tu najviac rozv\u00edjal svoju misijn\u00fa \u010dinnos\u0165. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 na jazere vykonal viacero z\u00e1zrakov: ut\u00ed\u0161il b\u00farku, pre\u0161iel suchou nohou po vode a\u00a0ryb\u00e1rom zaistil bohat\u00fd \u00falovok.<\/p>\n \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n Tabgha o\u00a0ryb\u00e1ch a chlebe<\/strong><\/p>\n V\u00a0tejto mali\u010dkej dedinke na severoz\u00e1pade Galilejsk\u00e9ho jazera stoj\u00ed Kostol rozmno\u017eenia r\u00fdb a\u00a0chleba – ako pripomienka jedn\u00e9ho z\u00a0najv\u00fdznamnej\u0161\u00edch Je\u017ei\u0161ov\u00fdch z\u00e1zrakov, na ktorom sa zhoduj\u00fa v\u0161etky \u0161tyri evanjeli\u00e1. Je\u017ei\u0161 mal dlh\u00fa k\u00e1ze\u0148 k\u00a0davu, ktor\u00fd medzit\u00fdm poriadne vyhladol. Na nas\u00fdtenie 4.000 \u013eud\u00ed boli k\u00a0dispoz\u00edcii len dve ryby a\u00a0p\u00e4\u0165 bochn\u00edkov chleba. Je\u017ei\u0161 im po\u017eehnal – a\u00a0Nikto z\u00a0posluch\u00e1\u010dov neostal hladn\u00fd. Nad kostolom so zn\u00e1mou mozaikou (s vyobrazen\u00edm dvoch r\u00fdb a\u00a0ko\u0161\u00edka s\u00a0chlebom) sa \u010dnie Hora blahoslavenia, kde pod\u013ea trad\u00edcie, Je\u017ei\u0161 vyriekol k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e9 posolstv\u00e1 (tzv. blahoslavenstv\u00e1). Tie sa stali z\u00e1kladom kres\u0165anskej etiky. Obe miesta l\u00e1kaj\u00fa k\u00a0odpo\u010dinku mnoh\u00fdch p\u00fatnikov a \u013eudia z\u00a0r\u00f4znych k\u00fatov sveta tu svorne spievaj\u00fa n\u00e1bo\u017en\u00e9 piesne alebo si nahlas \u010d\u00edtaj\u00fa \u00faryvky z\u00a0biblie, pr\u00edpadne ich k\u0148az sl\u00fa\u017ei om\u0161u pod hol\u00fdm nebom. Aj pre neveriacich toto miesto pon\u00faka siln\u00fd spiritu\u00e1lny z\u00e1\u017eitok.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Otec v\u0161etk\u00fdch kibucov<\/strong><\/p>\n \u013dahk\u00fd pr\u00edstup k\u00a0vode a\u00a0\u00farodn\u00e1 p\u00f4da vytv\u00e1rali vhodn\u00e9 podmienky na zakladanie kibucov, ktor\u00fdch okolo Galilejsk\u00e9ho jazera n\u00e1jdete hne\u010f nieko\u013eko, vr\u00e1tane toho \u00faplne prv\u00e9ho \u201eDegania\u201c s\u00a0rokom vzniku 1909. Kibuc (hebr. zhroma\u017edenie) patr\u00ed k symbolom \u017eidovsk\u00e9ho \u0161t\u00e1tu. Tieto kom\u00fany budovali \u017eidovsk\u00ed osadn\u00edci, ktor\u00ed sa do Sv\u00e4tej zeme pris\u0165ahovali z\u00a0v\u00fdchodnej Eur\u00f3py. Z\u00e1kladn\u00fd pilier kibucu tvorila idea kolekt\u00edvneho vlastn\u00edctva. Jeho \u010dlenovia v mene spolo\u010dn\u00e9ho dobra \u017eili a robili v\u0161etko spolo\u010dne: obr\u00e1bali p\u00f4du, vychov\u00e1vali deti, b\u00fdvali, stravovali sa, v\u0161etci sa rovn\u00fdm dielom delili o\u00a0v\u0161etko. Dnes z\u00a0u\u0161\u013eachtil\u00e9ho ide\u00e1lu, ktor\u00fd sa postupne rozpl\u00fdval vo vzrastaj\u00facej \u017eivotnej \u00farovni Izraela, zostalo len torzo: p\u00f4vodn\u00e9 kom\u00fany sa zmenili sk\u00f4r na vysokov\u00fdkonn\u00e9 po\u013enohospod\u00e1rske koncerny, ktor\u00e9 generuj\u00fa zisky, ich \u010dlenovia maj\u00fa r\u00f4zne (i extern\u00e9) zamestnania a\u00a0na poliach kibucu pracuj\u00fa preva\u017ene najat\u00ed ro\u013en\u00edci z\u00a0r\u00f4znych k\u00fatov \u00c1zie. Dne\u0161n\u00e9 kibucy \u017eij\u00fa aj z cestovn\u00e9ho ruchu, prev\u00e1dzkuj\u00fa hotely a\u00a0re\u0161taur\u00e1cie, tak\u017ee nie je probl\u00e9m zastavi\u0165 sa tam na obed a\u00a0pochutna\u0165 si na miestnych \u0161pecialit\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Z\u00a0Izraela Simonetta Zalov\u00e1 Posv\u00e4tn\u00fd Tiberias Tiberias le\u017e\u00ed na z\u00e1padnom brehu Galilejsk\u00e9ho jazera a patr\u00ed k \u0161tyrom najposv\u00e4tnej\u0161\u00edm miestam judaizmu.\u00a0Z\u00e1rove\u0148 je zn\u00e1mym letoviskom, kam pr\u00fadi izraelsk\u00e1 ml\u00e1de\u017e, aby sa zabavila v\u00a0tamoj\u0161\u00edch baroch a\u00a0re\u0161taur\u00e1ci\u00e1ch. Tiberias vznikol za vl\u00e1dy Herodesa Antipasa, ktor\u00fd do dej\u00edn vo\u0161iel ako ten, \u010do dal s\u0165a\u0165 J\u00e1na Krstite\u013ea. Herodes ho s\u00edce dal postavi\u0165 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[24,4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-766","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-februar-2015","category-metropoly"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/766","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=766"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/766\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":767,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/766\/revisions\/767"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=766"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=766"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=766"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}