{"id":7979,"date":"2020-07-13T10:20:08","date_gmt":"2020-07-13T08:20:08","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/?p=7979"},"modified":"2020-07-13T10:20:08","modified_gmt":"2020-07-13T08:20:08","slug":"toledo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/toledo\/","title":{"rendered":"Toledo"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Mesto troch kult\u00far <\/strong><\/p>\n

Na svete existuje nieko\u013eko miest s rovnak\u00fdm n\u00e1zvom – od Filip\u00edn cez Kolumbiu, USA (tu ich maj\u00fa a\u017e \u0161es\u0165!) a\u017e po Uruguaj. Samotn\u00e9 \u0160panielsko ich m\u00e1 aspo\u0148 \u0161tyri, no len jedno Toledo m\u00e1 tak\u00fd \u0161mrnc ako to kast\u00edlske. Zasaden\u00e9 v\u00a0dlani skaly, nad brehmi rieky Tagus, le\u017e\u00ed labyrint strm\u00fdch uli\u010diek, py\u0161n\u00fdch ve\u017e\u00ed, pieskovo sfarben\u00fdch chr\u00e1mov a br\u00e1n, m\u00faze\u00ed a podmaniv\u00fdch v\u00fdh\u013eadov. Cel\u00e9 historick\u00e9 centrum v objat\u00ed hradieb je chr\u00e1nen\u00fdm dedi\u010dstvom UNESCO. Okrem stredovek\u00fdch mostov sem vedie aj sie\u0165 viacpodla\u017en\u00fdch, d\u00f4myselne ukryt\u00fdch eskal\u00e1torov, ktor\u00e9 pri st\u00fapan\u00ed u\u0161etria kvapky potu. Mesto v minulosti okupovali Rimania, nom\u00e1dske kmene Vizig\u00f3tov aj Maurovia zo severnej Afriky. Koktail troch kult\u00far a n\u00e1bo\u017eenstiev sa dodnes odr\u00e1\u017ea v stavb\u00e1ch katedr\u00e1l, synag\u00f3g a me\u0161\u00edt. N\u00e1mestia zaplavuje \u017eiv\u00e1 vrava dom\u00e1cich aj \u0161trngot me\u010dov. Hlavn\u00fd suven\u00edr, ktor\u00fd dnes sl\u00fa\u017ei len do vitr\u00ednky, kedysi vyu\u017e\u00edvali Hannibalove vojsk\u00e1 aj r\u00edmske l\u00e9gie, damaskov\u00e9 me\u010de z Toleda sa mihli aj v nejednom hollywoodskom trh\u00e1ku.<\/p>\n

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\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u0160panielsky Gr\u00e9k<\/strong><\/p>\n

Dom\u00e9nikos Theotok\u00f3poulos sa narodil na dne\u0161nej Kr\u00e9te, po \u0161t\u00fadi\u00e1ch v Ben\u00e1tkach a\u00a0R\u00edme ako 36-ro\u010dn\u00fd zav\u00edtal do Toleda… a\u00a0zostal tam a\u017e do konca \u017eivota. El Greco (jednoducho Gr\u00e9k, ako ho dom\u00e1ci volali) tu nama\u013eoval svoje najzn\u00e1mej\u0161ie diela vr\u00e1tane Vista de Toledo. Za v\u00fdjav no\u010dnej panor\u00e1my mesta, ktor\u00fd mal zdobi\u0165 katedr\u00e1lu, mu pon\u00fakli 900 duk\u00e1tov, nakoniec mu duchovn\u00ed dali len 227. Sudca mu pri rie\u0161en\u00ed sporu prihodil p\u00e1r minc\u00ed, odmena v\u0161ak aj potom tvorila len tretinu dohodnutej sumy. Maliar preto zobral spravodlivos\u0165 do vlastn\u00fdch r\u00fak – ma\u013ebu viackr\u00e1t zreprodukoval, \u010d\u00edm zn\u00ed\u017eil jej hodnotu. Za\u010diatkom 20. storo\u010dia bohat\u00fd aristokrat k\u00fapil dom El Greca, vd\u00fdchol mu dobov\u00e9ho ducha a zriadil tam m\u00fazeum. M\u00fdlil sa v\u0161ak, El Greco tam nikdy ne\u017eil, m\u00fazeum v\u0161ak zostalo. Toled\u010dania tvrdia, \u017ee najkraj\u0161ie obrazy sa aj tak daj\u00fa vidie\u0165 priamo v\u00a0meste – v kaplnke San Tom\u00e9, v katedr\u00e1le \u010di m\u00fazeu Santa Cruz.<\/p>\n

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Mazap\u00e1n de Toledo<\/strong><\/p>\n

Po bitke Las Navas De Tolosa v roku 1212 na Toledo do\u013eahol ve\u013ek\u00fd hladomor. Zohna\u0165 obilie, a teda aj vz\u00e1cnu m\u00faku, bolo ako h\u013eada\u0165 ihlu v kope sena. Mn\u00ed\u0161ky v kl\u00e1\u0161tore San Clemente boli odhodlan\u00e9 pom\u00f4c\u0165, preto varili, \u010do \u0161pajza dala – v tom obdob\u00ed na\u0161\u0165astie aj cukor a mandle. Takto sa zrodila najzn\u00e1mej\u0161ia toledsk\u00e1 poch\u00fa\u0165ka \u201emazap\u00e1n\u201c (marcip\u00e1n). V Tolede sa d\u00e1 dodnes zohna\u0165 priamo v kl\u00e1\u0161toroch, no aj cukr\u00e1rne, kde marcip\u00e1nov\u00e9 fig\u00farky a rolky zaberaj\u00fa vo v\u00fdkladoch najviac miesta, n\u00e1jdete na ka\u017edom kroku. Mazap\u00e1n de Toledo m\u00e1 chr\u00e1nen\u00e9 ozna\u010denie p\u00f4vodu, minim\u00e1lne 50 % obsahu musia tvori\u0165 l\u00fapan\u00e9 mandle sladk\u00e9ho typu, a tak je jeho chu\u0165 menej sladk\u00e1, orie\u0161kov\u00e1 a lahodnej\u0161ia ne\u017e verzie v in\u00fdch k\u00fatoch sveta.<\/p>\n

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\"\"<\/a>M\u00fazeum pod hol\u00fdm nebom<\/strong><\/p>\n

T oledo sl\u00fa\u017eilo ako hlavn\u00e9 mesto \u0160panielska a\u017e do 16. storo\u010dia, kedy Filip II. nechal kr\u00e1\u013eovsk\u00fd dvor pres\u0165ahova\u0165 do Madridu. Ako pamiatka (aj) po t\u00fdchto \u010dasoch sa na pahorku vyp\u00edna pevnos\u0165 Alc\u00e1zar, ktor\u00e1 sa po odchode kr\u00e1\u013ea zmenila na vojensk\u00fa akad\u00e9miu. Dnes je z nej m\u00fazeum, v jednej z ve\u017e\u00ed v\u0161ak s\u00eddli aj kni\u017enica s kaviar\u0148ou a \u00fachvatn\u00fdm v\u00fdh\u013eadom na okolie Kast\u00edlska, La Mancha – presl\u00e1ven\u00fd kraj s vetern\u00fdmi mlynmi Dona Quijota. Najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edm skvostom Toleda zost\u00e1va majest\u00e1tna gotick\u00e1 katedr\u00e1la Catedral Primada de Espana. Stoj\u00ed na zvy\u0161koch me\u0161ity a na jej stavbe, ktor\u00e1 trvala vy\u0161e 200 rokov, pracovali najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed dobov\u00ed umelci. A \u017ee je v nej \u010do obdivova\u0165! Le\u017eia tu renesan\u010dn\u00e9 hrobky, vy\u0161e 20 samostatn\u00fdch kaplniek, mon\u0161trancia s\u00a0250 prepracovan\u00fdmi sochami z \u010d\u00edreho zlata (18 kg) a striebra (183 kg), barokov\u00fd olt\u00e1r El Transparente s vikierom, ktor\u00fd rob\u00ed so svetlom divy \u010di sakristia, v ktorej visia obrazy majstrov ako El Greco, Vel\u00e1zques, Van Dyck, Goya, Tizian a Rubens. Najkraj\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdh\u013ead na mesto sa naskyt\u00e1 spoza stredovek\u00e9ho mostu San Mart\u00edn, popri ktorom vedie aj najdlh\u0161\u00ed adrenal\u00ednov\u00fd mestsk\u00fd zipline Eur\u00f3py. Vyhliadka Mirador del Valle k\u00fasok nad mestom nesklame ani najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edch romantikov.<\/p>\n

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Zo \u0161panielskej Kast\u00edlie<\/p>\n

Zuzanna Zimmermannov\u00e1<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

  Mesto troch kult\u00far Na svete existuje nieko\u013eko miest s rovnak\u00fdm n\u00e1zvom – od Filip\u00edn cez Kolumbiu, USA (tu ich maj\u00fa a\u017e \u0161es\u0165!) a\u017e po Uruguaj. Samotn\u00e9 \u0160panielsko ich m\u00e1 aspo\u0148 \u0161tyri, no len jedno Toledo m\u00e1 tak\u00fd \u0161mrnc ako to kast\u00edlske. Zasaden\u00e9 v\u00a0dlani skaly, nad brehmi rieky Tagus, le\u017e\u00ed labyrint strm\u00fdch uli\u010diek, py\u0161n\u00fdch ve\u017e\u00ed, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":7986,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[87,4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7979","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-leto-2020","category-metropoly"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7979","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7979"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7979\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7985,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7979\/revisions\/7985"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7986"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7979"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7979"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7979"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}