{"id":8218,"date":"2020-10-07T09:26:56","date_gmt":"2020-10-07T07:26:56","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/?p=8218"},"modified":"2020-10-07T09:26:56","modified_gmt":"2020-10-07T07:26:56","slug":"yellowstone","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/yellowstone\/","title":{"rendered":"Yellowstone"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Divo\u010dina americk\u00e9ho stredoz\u00e1padu<\/strong><\/p>\n

Nielen v\u010faka medve\u010fovi Yogimu a jeho Jellystone Parku je to jeden z\u00a0najzn\u00e1mej\u0161\u00edch (aj ke\u010f pre Eur\u00f3pana pomerne \u0165a\u017eko dostupn\u00fd) n\u00e1rodn\u00fdch parkov v USA, takisto aj jeden z najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edch (ak opomenieme Alja\u0161ku) a \u00fapln\u00e9 prvenstvo mu patr\u00ed tie\u017e ako najstar\u0161iemu n\u00e1rodn\u00e9mu parku v cel\u00fdch Spojen\u00fdch \u0161t\u00e1toch (bol zalo\u017een\u00fd v\u00a0roku 1872). Rozklad\u00e1 sa na ploche troch \u0161t\u00e1tov americk\u00e9ho stredoz\u00e1padu, v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ia \u010das\u0165 patr\u00ed do Wyomingu, ale zasahuje aj do Idaha a Montany. Yellowstone National Park, pomenovan\u00fd pod\u013ea rovnomennej rieky (jej brehy lemuj\u00fa \u017elt\u00e9 skaly), zaber\u00e1 9.000 km2 a predstavuje svet s\u00e1m o sebe – \u010dlovekom nepo\u0161kvrnen\u00e1 divo\u010dina s\u00a0panensk\u00fdmi lesmi, l\u00fakami, \u00fadoliami, riekami, vodop\u00e1dmi, jazerami, gejz\u00edrmi a divokou zverou, ktor\u00e1 je tu absol\u00fatnym a neobmedzen\u00fdm kr\u00e1\u013eom. Ak spozorujete popri ceste alebo na to ur\u010den\u00fdch odpo\u010d\u00edvadl\u00e1ch odstaven\u00fd rad \u00e1ut, potom sa ur\u010dite niekde v bl\u00edzkosti pas\u00fa losy mokra\u010fov\u00e9, jelene wapiti, biz\u00f3ny americk\u00e9 a nie je ni\u010d v\u00fdnimo\u010dn\u00e9 na vlastn\u00e9 o\u010di zazrie\u0165 aj medve\u010fa. Yellowstone le\u017e\u00ed v nadmorskej v\u00fd\u0161ke 2.400 metrov, leto je tu pomerne kr\u00e1tke a zimy pln\u00e9 snehu. Ke\u010f\u017ee v parku plat\u00ed pr\u00edsny z\u00e1kaz kempova\u0165 (mimo vyhraden\u00fdch t\u00e1borov) a po\u010det ubytovac\u00edch kapac\u00edt je obmedzen\u00fd, ubytovanie tu nedostanete len tak zo d\u0148a na de\u0148, treba si ho zarezervova\u0165 aj rok dopredu.<\/p>\n

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\"\"<\/a>Medvede a\u00a0biz\u00f3ny<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0160anca stretn\u00fa\u0165 v parku grizlyho \u010di \u010dierneho baribala je celkom re\u00e1lna, preto sa na mnoh\u00fdch miestach stretnete s varovaniami typu: po\u010das t\u00far sa pohybujte v skupink\u00e1ch, robte lomoz, noste so sebou cinkaj\u00facu rolni\u010dku, \u017eiaduci je tie\u017e spray na medvede na b\u00e1ze siln\u00e9ho \u010dili koncentr\u00e1tu, ktor\u00fd sa d\u00e1 aj prenaja\u0165. Pod\u013ea inform\u00e1ci\u00ed z\u00a0miestnych bulletinov, kto, nedajbo\u017ee, musel pou\u017ei\u0165 tento prostriedok, zo stretnutia s medve\u010fom vyviazol\u00a0 \u017eiv\u00fd, vraj nebol zaznamenan\u00fd \u017eiaden smrte\u013en\u00fd \u00faraz. Na mobiln\u00fdch tabuliach pri cest\u00e1ch \u010dasto blikaj\u00fa oznamy ako: \u201ePozor, v bl\u00edzkosti bol viden\u00fd medve\u010f!\u201c alebo \u201eZv\u00fd\u0161te opatrnos\u0165, v okol\u00ed cesty sa pohybuje medvedica s mlad\u00fdmi!\u201c Kv\u00f4li bezmedzn\u00e9mu apet\u00edtu gigantick\u00e9ho chlp\u00e1\u010da v\u0161etky potraviny (ale tie\u017e ak\u00e9ko\u013evek aromatick\u00e9 predmety) musia by\u0165 dobre zabezpe\u010den\u00e9 a ukryt\u00e9 vo vn\u00fatri \u010di v\u00a0\u0161peci\u00e1lnych kontajneroch s otv\u00e1ran\u00edm prisp\u00f4soben\u00fdm v\u00fdlu\u010dne pre \u013eudsk\u00fa ruku, popr\u00edpade sa batohy s\u00a0jedlom ve\u0161aj\u00fa pomocou l\u00e1n na tzv. \u0161ibenice umiestnen\u00e9 za t\u00e1boriskom. Ale nie s\u00fa to len medvede, kto pasie po turistick\u00fdch lah\u00f4dkach, \u00fadajne v niektor\u00fdch oblastiach sa havrany nau\u010dili rozop\u00edna\u0165 zipsy na turistick\u00fdch vakoch a rozhadzova\u0165 ich obsah do okolia. Mnoh\u00e9 zvierat\u00e1 sa do Yellowstonsk\u00e9ho n\u00e1rodn\u00e9ho parku vr\u00e1tili po tom, \u010do sa \u013eu\u010fom podarilo ich takmer celkom vyhubi\u0165. Pr\u00edkladom s\u00fa biz\u00f3ny americk\u00e9, ktor\u00e9 ako hlavn\u00fa ob\u017eivu indi\u00e1nov bieli koloniz\u00e1tori, dokonca s ofici\u00e1lnym s\u00fahlasom vl\u00e1dy, koncom 19. storo\u010dia takmer \u00faplne zlikvidovali. V Yellowstone dnes \u017eij\u00fa najpo\u010detnej\u0161ie st\u00e1da divok\u00fdch biz\u00f3nov v cel\u00fdch USA, pribli\u017ene 3.000 – 4.000 statn\u00fdch jedincov.<\/p>\n

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\"\"<\/a>Ako v\u00a0pekelnom kotle<\/strong><\/p>\n

Predstavte si to takto: kedysi d\u00e1vno (pred 630.000 rokmi) vybuchla sopka a\u00a0zostal po nej obrovsk\u00fd kr\u00e1ter (odborne sa mu hovor\u00ed kaldera) tak\u00fd obrovsk\u00fd, \u017ee ho dokonca zrete\u013ene vidie\u0165 z obe\u017enej dr\u00e1hy Zeme. A v tomto kr\u00e1teri sa rozklad\u00e1 Yellowstonsk\u00fd n\u00e1rodn\u00fd park, najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161ia geoterm\u00e1lna oblas\u0165 na svete (zabudnite na Island!), miesto, kde sa nach\u00e1dza polovica v\u0161etk\u00fdch gejz\u00edrov Zeme. A ke\u010f\u017ee hlboko pod povrchom Yellowstonu pretek\u00e1 magma, v\u0161ade, kde sa pozriete, to odniekadia\u013e fun\u00ed, sy\u010d\u00ed, klokoce, dym\u00ed, buble… Gejz\u00edry, pramene, bahenn\u00e9 \u017eriedla, fumaroly chrliace paru, hor\u00face jazierka hraj\u00face v\u0161etk\u00fdmi odtie\u0148mi modrej, ale aj oran\u017eovej a \u010dervenej (v\u010faka bakt\u00e9ri\u00e1m a\u00a0in\u00fdm mikroorganizmom schopn\u00fdm vegetova\u0165 v hor\u00facej vode), snehobiele travert\u00ednov\u00e9 kask\u00e1dovit\u00e9 terasy Mammoth Hot Springs pripom\u00ednaj\u00face sl\u00e1vne tureck\u00e9 Pamukkale… Old Faithful je najsl\u00e1vnej\u0161\u00ed yellowstonsk\u00fd gejz\u00edr, ktor\u00fd sa stal aj symbolom parku. Strieka do st\u013apca o v\u00fd\u0161ke v priemere 40 metrov, v\u00a0intervale 60 a\u017e 110 min\u00fat, dvadsa\u0165kr\u00e1t za de\u0148 a cel\u00e9 toto ohromuj\u00face predstavenie m\u00f4\u017ee trva\u0165 aj p\u00e4\u0165 min\u00fat, po\u010das ktor\u00fdch gejz\u00edr vyvrhne skoro 40.000 litrov takmer vriacej (95 \u00b0C) vody!<\/p>\n

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zo stredoz\u00e1padu USA<\/p>\n

Simonetta Zalov\u00e1<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Divo\u010dina americk\u00e9ho stredoz\u00e1padu Nielen v\u010faka medve\u010fovi Yogimu a jeho Jellystone Parku je to jeden z\u00a0najzn\u00e1mej\u0161\u00edch (aj ke\u010f pre Eur\u00f3pana pomerne \u0165a\u017eko dostupn\u00fd) n\u00e1rodn\u00fdch parkov v USA, takisto aj jeden z najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edch (ak opomenieme Alja\u0161ku) a \u00fapln\u00e9 prvenstvo mu patr\u00ed tie\u017e ako najstar\u0161iemu n\u00e1rodn\u00e9mu parku v cel\u00fdch Spojen\u00fdch \u0161t\u00e1toch (bol zalo\u017een\u00fd v\u00a0roku 1872). Rozklad\u00e1 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":8219,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4,89],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8218","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-metropoly","category-oktober-2020"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8218","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8218"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8218\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8224,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8218\/revisions\/8224"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8219"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8218"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8218"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8218"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}