{"id":8262,"date":"2020-10-11T13:56:52","date_gmt":"2020-10-11T11:56:52","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/?p=8262"},"modified":"2020-10-11T13:56:52","modified_gmt":"2020-10-11T11:56:52","slug":"jakub-goda-lovec-dezinformacii","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/jakub-goda-lovec-dezinformacii\/","title":{"rendered":"Jakub Goda &#8211; Lovec dezinform\u00e1ci\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>D\u00e1vno s\u00fa pre\u010d \u010dasy, ke\u010f sme sa r\u00e1no stret\u00e1vali v\u00a0kaviarni a\u00a0za \u0161uchotu papierov\u00fdch nov\u00edn sme zis\u0165ovali, \u010do d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 sa doma i\u00a0vo svete deje. Spravodajstvo sa v\u00a0posledn\u00fdch rokoch presunulo na internet a\u00a0tam to seri\u00f3zna \u017eurnalistika v\u00f4bec nem\u00e1 jednoduch\u00e9 &#8211; str\u00e1ca sa v obrovskom mno\u017estve spr\u00e1v, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 nepresn\u00e9, klamliv\u00e9 alebo dokonca z\u00e1merne zav\u00e1dzaj\u00face. Jakub Goda je odborn\u00edk, ktor\u00fd sa venuje kritickej anal\u00fdze tak\u00fdchto spr\u00e1v a\u00a0z\u00e1rove\u0148 podpore seri\u00f3znych m\u00e9di\u00ed. Vitajte teda v\u00a0\u201edobe onlajnovej\u201c a\u00a0neverte, \u017ee v\u0161etko, \u010do n\u00e1jdete na nete, je pravda&#8230;<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/s-409_UP1989.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-medium wp-image-8265\" src=\"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/s-409_UP1989-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/s-409_UP1989-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/s-409_UP1989-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/s-409_UP1989.jpg 984w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a>Ste okrem in\u00e9ho zn\u00e1my ako publicista a aktivista v\u00a0boji s\u00a0dezinform\u00e1ciami. Pribudlo v\u00e1m za posledn\u00e9 obdobie viac pr\u00e1ce?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Nepochybne. Na jednej strane to s\u00favis\u00ed s\u00a0faktom, \u017ee som ned\u00e1vno nadviazal spolupr\u00e1cu s\u00a0Ministerstvom zdravotn\u00edctva, kde je t\u00e9ma odha\u013eovania dezinform\u00e1ci\u00ed moment\u00e1lne ve\u013emi urgentn\u00e1, na druhej strane i\u00a0preto, \u017ee dni, ktor\u00e9 pr\u00e1ve \u017eijeme, s\u00fa v\u00fdnimo\u010dn\u00e9. Panuje medzi nami ve\u013ek\u00e9 nap\u00e4tie, vyn\u00e1raj\u00fa sa ot\u00e1zky, ako vlastne k\u00a0pand\u00e9mii koronav\u00edrusu pristupova\u0165, ak\u00fdm smerom sa to v\u0161etko bude vyv\u00edja\u0165 a\u00a0aj \u013eudia s\u00fa akoby rozdelen\u00ed do dvoch spektier: \u010das\u0165 z\u00a0nich m\u00e1 kv\u00f4li obav\u00e1m st\u00e1le snahu dodr\u017eiava\u0165 opatrenia, in\u00ed u\u017e maj\u00fa epid\u00e9mie pln\u00e9 zuby a\u00a0nadobudli pocit, \u017ee s\u00fa medi\u00e1lne manipulovan\u00ed. Pr\u00e1ve druh\u00e1 skupina \u013eud\u00ed je n\u00e1chylnej\u0161ia veri\u0165 \u010domuko\u013evek, \u010do ich postoj podpor\u00ed. Ak potom koluje internetom nejak\u00e1 pochybn\u00e1 inform\u00e1cia, \u017ee nosenie r\u00fa\u0161ok je \u0161kodliv\u00e9, je pre nich pohodlnej\u0161ie tomu uveri\u0165.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>S\u00fa tak\u00e9to pochybn\u00e9 spr\u00e1vy fenom\u00e9nom modernej doby? <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Ak by sme to vzali celkom od piky, dezinform\u00e1cie, kon\u0161pira\u010dn\u00e9 te\u00f3rie, klamstv\u00e1 a\u00a0propaganda tu boli odjak\u017eiva. D\u00e1 sa v\u0161ak celkom presne odhadn\u00fa\u0165, kedy v\u00a0ich v\u00fdvoji nastala obrovsk\u00e1 zmena. Bolo to pribli\u017ene v\u00a0rokoch 2013 &#8211; 2014. Soci\u00e1lne siete, ktor\u00e9 v\u00a0tom \u010dase u\u017e vo svete celkom pekne fungovali, sa stali k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fdm zdrojom spr\u00e1v. \u010co presne to znamenalo? Ak predt\u00fdm na Facebooku kolovali najm\u00e4 nevinn\u00e9 statusy o\u00a0tom, \u010do pr\u00e1ve ra\u0148ajkujeme, alebo s\u00a0k\u00fdm cestujeme na dovolenku, pribli\u017ene v\u00a0t\u00fdchto rokoch sa soci\u00e1lne siete stali prim\u00e1rnym zdrojom spr\u00e1v pre cel\u00fa gener\u00e1ciu \u013eud\u00ed. Stalo sa to v\u0161ak rap\u00eddne r\u00fdchlo a\u00a0mysl\u00edm, \u017ee na t\u00fato zmenu sme neboli pripraven\u00ed&#8230;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Pre\u010do si to mysl\u00edte? <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Spravodajstvo na soci\u00e1lnych sie\u0165ach z\u00e1sadne zmenilo sp\u00f4sob, ak\u00fdm \u013eudia prij\u00edmaj\u00fa a \u0161\u00edria inform\u00e1cie. Na Slovensku sme t\u00fato zmenu za\u017eili intenz\u00edvnej\u0161ie v\u00a0\u010dase konfliktu na Ukrajine a\u00a0potom pri migrantskej kr\u00edze, \u010do s\u00fa silne polarizuj\u00face momenty v\u00a0spolo\u010dnosti. Vyr\u00e1stla tu cel\u00e1 \u0161k\u00e1la nov\u00fdch typov webov, ktor\u00e9 sa na prv\u00fd poh\u013ead prezentovali ako klasick\u00e9 spravodajsk\u00e9, ale pr\u00e1ve spom\u00ednan\u00e9 konflikty pou\u017eili na svoj rast a\u00a0postupne sa stali kan\u00e1lom na \u0161\u00edrenie dezinform\u00e1ci\u00ed cez soci\u00e1lne siete. Ak sa to tak d\u00e1 poveda\u0165, tradi\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00e9di\u00e1 vtedy pri\u0161li o\u00a0svoj monopol a\u00a0vybera\u0165, komentova\u0165 a\u00a0\u0161\u00edri\u0165 spravodajsk\u00e9 inform\u00e1cie mohol prakticky ktoko\u013evek, kto m\u00e1 \u00fa\u010det na soci\u00e1lnych sie\u0165ach. Na jednej strane je to v\u00fdborn\u00e1 vec, na druhej strane &#8211; ide o obrovsk\u00fa zmenu a\u00a0bude asi e\u0161te chv\u00ed\u013eu trva\u0165, k\u00fdm sa v\u00a0takomto prostred\u00ed nau\u010d\u00edme orientova\u0165 a\u00a0inform\u00e1cie selektova\u0165.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Spom\u00ednali ste pand\u00e9miu, konflikt na Ukrajine, ute\u010deneck\u00fa kr\u00edzu&#8230; Znamen\u00e1 to, \u017ee pr\u00e1ve z\u00e1sadn\u00e9 udalosti s\u00fa akousi \u017eivnou p\u00f4dou pre \u0161\u00edrenie klamstiev a\u00a0dezinform\u00e1ci\u00ed? <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>M\u00f4\u017ee to by\u0165 ak\u00fdko\u013evek siln\u00fd, emot\u00edvny moment, ktor\u00fd vn\u00edma cel\u00e1 spolo\u010dnos\u0165, kedy sa dej\u00fa zmeny, spolo\u010densk\u00e9 posuny a\u00a0vedie sa intenz\u00edvna debata. Tak\u00fdmto momentom s\u00fa napr\u00edklad be\u017ene aj parlamentn\u00e9 alebo prezidentsk\u00e9 vo\u013eby. Vtedy sa dar\u00ed nielen spravodajsk\u00fdm m\u00e9di\u00e1m v\u0161eobecne, ale je to ide\u00e1lna \u0161anca aj pre vznik pochybn\u00fdch internetov\u00fdch kan\u00e1lov. Ale t\u00fdm dominantn\u00fdm faktorom je samotn\u00fd vznik a\u00a0rozmach soci\u00e1lnych siet\u00ed, na ktor\u00fdch sa potom m\u00f4\u017eu \u0161\u00edri\u0165 spr\u00e1vy z\u00a0ak\u00fdchko\u013evek webov. Napr\u00edklad v\u00a0\u010dase ukrajinskej kr\u00edzy u\u00a0n\u00e1s vyr\u00e1stol jeden z\u00a0najvplyvnej\u0161\u00edch dezinforma\u010dn\u00fdch webov Hlavn\u00e9 spr\u00e1vy, ktor\u00e9 si ve\u013emi m\u00e1lo d\u00e1vaj\u00fa pozor na to, \u010do publikuj\u00fa. Oh\u013eadne Ukrajiny p\u00edsali tvrd\u00e9 klamstv\u00e1, ich l\u00ednia je pon\u00faka\u0165 a\u00a0\u0161\u00edri\u0165 spravodajstvo bl\u00edzke rusk\u00fdm \u0161t\u00e1tnym webom, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa \u00fazko spojen\u00e9 s\u00a0vl\u00e1dou. Vn\u00edmal som, ako funguj\u00fa, no snaha m\u0148a a mnoh\u00fdch \u010fal\u0161\u00edch \u013eud\u00ed z\u00a0m\u00f4jho okolia vyvraca\u0165 nepravdiv\u00e9 alebo manipulat\u00edvne \u010dl\u00e1nky sa dost\u00e1vala len k\u00a0relat\u00edvne \u00fazkej skupine \u013eud\u00ed. Napadlo mi teda, \u017ee si s\u00e1m vysk\u00fa\u0161am p\u00edsanie pre Hlavn\u00e9 spr\u00e1vy a\u00a0na vlastnej sk\u00fasenosti upozorn\u00edm na to, ako tieto port\u00e1ly pracuj\u00fa. Vymyslel som si falo\u0161n\u00e9 meno, zalo\u017eil si druh\u00fd mailov\u00fd \u00fa\u010det a\u00a0z\u00a0neho nap\u00edsal ako Marek Bake\u0161 do redakcie Hlavn\u00fdch spr\u00e1v, \u017ee som ich fan\u00fa\u0161ik a\u00a0r\u00e1d by som pre nich publikoval.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Na z\u00e1klade dnes u\u017e zverejnen\u00e9ho pr\u00edbehu vieme, \u017ee sa v\u00e1m to aj podarilo&#8230;<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00c1no, a\u00a0v\u00f4bec to nebolo \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9. Na za\u010diatok odo m\u0148a chceli p\u00e1r pr\u00edspevkov, ktor\u00e9 neboli \u017eiadnymi hoaxami, ale niesli sa v\u00a0duchu toho, \u010do sa im p\u00e1\u010dilo, a\u00a0tak s\u00fahlasili, aby som pre nich p\u00edsal \u010falej. Potom som so spolupr\u00e1cou s\u00a0nimi za\u010dal experimentova\u0165. P\u00edsal som r\u00f4zne pr\u00edspevky, vr\u00e1tane toho, ktor\u00fd bol cel\u00fd vymyslen\u00fd a\u00a0prebrat\u00fd z\u00a0ak\u00e9hosi satirick\u00e9ho webu na internete. V\u010faka tomu sa mi podarilo dosta\u0165 do Hlavn\u00fdch spr\u00e1v pr\u00edspevok, \u017ee moslimsk\u00fd starosta mesta pri New Jersey chce zak\u00e1za\u0165 slovo Vianoce &#8211; cel\u00e9 to bol v\u00fdmysel, ktor\u00fd som jednoducho prebral zo satirick\u00e9ho port\u00e1lu. Dali to na web e\u0161te aj s\u00a0chybami v\u00a0preklade, a\u00a0t\u00fdm na\u0161a spolupr\u00e1ca vlastne skon\u010dila. Na nezmyselnos\u0165 toho absurdn\u00e9ho pr\u00edspevku, ale aj na chyby, upozornili redakciu \u013eudia v\u00a0koment\u00e1roch.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/s-469_UP1981.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-8266\" src=\"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/s-469_UP1981-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/s-469_UP1981-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/s-469_UP1981-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/s-469_UP1981.jpg 984w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a>\u010co z\u00a0toho vypl\u00fdva? <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>V\u00a0prvom rade t\u00e1to sk\u00fasenos\u0165 poukazuje na pr\u00e1cu podobn\u00fdch webov, na skuto\u010dnos\u0165, \u017ee si neoveruj\u00fa, kto pre nich p\u00ed\u0161e, \u010di v\u00f4bec existuje \u010dlovek pod falo\u0161n\u00fdm menom, ktor\u00fdm som sa prezentoval a\u00a0\u010di tak\u00fd \u010dlovek u\u017e niekde nie\u010do publikoval. Nechceli odo m\u0148a \u017eiadne star\u0161ie \u010dl\u00e1nky, \u017eiaden \u017eivotopis, ni\u010d. Ukazuje aj, \u017ee nikto nekontroluje a\u00a0neoveruje fakty v\u00a0pr\u00edspevkoch, a\u00a0napokon, sp\u00edsal som svoju sk\u00fasenos\u0165 do report\u00e1\u017ee a\u00a0sna\u017eil sa t\u00fdm spravi\u0165 trochu \u201ehumbug\u201c okolo sp\u00f4sobu, ako amat\u00e9rsky a\u00a0s\u00a0minim\u00e1lnou mierou kontroly podobn\u00e9 weby funguj\u00fa. Nemysl\u00edm si, \u017ee to ich \u010ditate\u013esk\u00e9 jadro nejako odradilo, dokonca sa na moju osobu znieslo trochu hejtu, ako som to v\u00f4bec mohol Hlavn\u00fdm spr\u00e1vam urobi\u0165 Mnoh\u00ed \u013eudia sa v\u0161ak takto dozvedeli o\u00a0existencii tak\u00e9hoto port\u00e1lu a\u00a0aj \u013eudia z\u00a0ich \u010ditate\u013eskej z\u00e1kladne mali mo\u017enos\u0165 vidie\u0165 plastick\u00fd obraz o\u00a0ich fungovan\u00ed. Aj medzi ich \u010ditate\u013emi a\u00a0blogermi sa na\u0161li \u013eudia, ktor\u00fdm moja sk\u00fasenos\u0165 trochu otvorila o\u010di, \u017ee nie v\u0161etky weby, ktor\u00e9 sa tv\u00e1ria ako spravodajsk\u00e9, v\u00a0skuto\u010dnosti tak aj funguj\u00fa.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Nat\u00edska sa ot\u00e1zka, \u010di teda mo\u017eno zo \u0161\u00edrenia dezinform\u00e1ci\u00ed vini\u0165 soci\u00e1lne siete&#8230; <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Do zna\u010dnej miery s\u00fa soci\u00e1lne siete s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou probl\u00e9mu \u0161\u00edrenia dezinform\u00e1ci\u00ed, presnej\u0161ie,\u00a0 umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00fa vy\u0165ahova\u0165 to najhor\u0161ie, \u010do v\u00a0\u013eu\u010foch je a\u00a0d\u00e1vaj\u00fa tomu ve\u013emi ve\u013ea priestoru. Umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00fa to vl\u00e1dam, podnikavcom i n\u00e1hodn\u00fdm \u013eu\u010fom, ktor\u00ed chc\u00fa z\u00edska\u0165 pozornos\u0165 alebo zarobi\u0165 peniaze na reklame a\u00a0d\u00e1vaj\u00fa na soci\u00e1lne siete nepravdy. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 nemo\u017eno z\u00a0toho vini\u0165 v\u00fdhradne len soci\u00e1lne siete ako tak\u00e9, za v\u0161etk\u00fdm s\u00fa, koniec koncov, len \u013eudia, soci\u00e1lne siete im \u0161\u00edri\u0165 klamstv\u00e1 iba umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00fa.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Neexistuj\u00fa \u017eiadne p\u00e1ky, ktor\u00fdmi by sa \u0161\u00edrenie dezinform\u00e1ci\u00ed na soci\u00e1lnych sie\u0165ach dalo regulova\u0165? <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>O\u00a0tomto sa vedie celkom intenz\u00edvna diskusia vo svete i\u00a0v\u00a0eur\u00f3pskom parlamente, kde je \u010dlenom v\u00fdboru, ktor\u00fd sa venuje regul\u00e1cii soci\u00e1lnych siet\u00ed a\u00a0technologick\u00fdch platforiem, aj n\u00e1\u0161 europoslanec Vladim\u00edr Bil\u010d\u00edk &#8211; s\u00a0n\u00edm v\u00a0tejto oblasti tie\u017e spolupracujem. Pravdou je, \u017ee v\u00f4bec nejde o\u00a0trivi\u00e1lny probl\u00e9m, je to zlo\u017eitej\u0161ie, ako sa na prv\u00fd poh\u013ead zd\u00e1. Pre na\u0161e kon\u010diny je sloboda prejavu nesmierne d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e1, je dobr\u00e9, \u017ee \u013eudia m\u00f4\u017eu slobodne robi\u0165 a\u00a0vravie\u0165, \u010do chc\u00fa. Av\u0161ak sloboda slova na soci\u00e1lnych sie\u0165ach sa tak trochu \u201eutrhla z\u00a0re\u0165aze\u201c a\u00a0dezinform\u00e1cie, ktor\u00e9 na za\u010diatku vyzeraj\u00fa len ako ak\u00e1si abstraktn\u00e1, virtu\u00e1lna hrozba, m\u00f4\u017eu zasiahnu\u0165 nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdm sp\u00f4sobom aj do re\u00e1lneho \u017eivota \u010dloveka.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Napr\u00edklad m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 nebezpe\u010dn\u00e1 inform\u00e1cia, \u017ee na koronav\u00edrus pom\u00e1ha pitie teplej vody&#8230; <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Tepl\u00e1 voda asi nikomu neubl\u00ed\u017ei, no ak Donald Trump bez rozpakov vyhl\u00e1si, \u017ee na koronav\u00edrus treba pi\u0165 bielidlo a\u00a0zop\u00e1r \u013eud\u00ed ho naozaj vypije a\u00a0priotr\u00e1vi sa, to je u\u017e poriadne nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9. Ke\u010f sa v\u00a0Ir\u00e1ne \u0161\u00edrila sp\u00e1va, \u017ee koronav\u00edrus lie\u010di alkohol, objavilo sa ve\u013ek\u00e9 mno\u017estvo pr\u00edpadov otravy alkoholom. A\u00a0tak\u00fdch pr\u00edkladov je ve\u013ea. Jeden \u010das sa \u0161\u00edrila te\u00f3ria, \u017ee na\u0161a Zem je ploch\u00e1, \u010do v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ine \u013eud\u00ed nijako neubl\u00ed\u017ei. Jeden \u0161ialenec sa ale rozhodol vystreli\u0165 sa vlastnou raketou do vzduchu, aby plochos\u0165 Zeme dok\u00e1zal, a, samozrejme, dol\u00e1mal sa. \u010cesk\u00fd d\u00f4chodca, ktor\u00fd bol presved\u010den\u00fd, \u017ee sa organizuje inv\u00e1zia moslimov do \u010ciech, zot\u00ednal stromy na vlakov\u00e9 ko\u013eaje a\u00a0sna\u017eil sa tvrdi\u0165, \u017ee to urobili pr\u00e1ve t\u00ed moslimovia. V\u00a0jednej americkej pizzerii za\u010dal \u010dlovek so stre\u013ebou v\u00a0presved\u010den\u00ed, \u017ee v\u00a0podzem\u00ed sa ukr\u00fdvaj\u00fa pedofiln\u00e9 kruhy. Epid\u00e9miu sprev\u00e1dzaj\u00fa spr\u00e1vy, \u017ee koronav\u00edrus neexistuje alebo \u017ee nosenie r\u00fa\u0161ka vyvol\u00e1va ov\u010die kiahne, no a\u00a0ak sa v\u00a0dezinforma\u010dnej spr\u00e1ve skombinuje lo\u017e s\u00a0nen\u00e1vistn\u00fdm prejavom, m\u00f4\u017ee to dopadn\u00fa\u0165 \u00faplne katastrof\u00e1lne, ako v\u00a0Mjanmarsku &#8211; genoc\u00eddou.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Dezinform\u00e1cia &#8211; ak\u00fa m\u00e1 vlastne defin\u00edciu? <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>V\u00a0z\u00e1sade ide o\u00a0inform\u00e1ciu, ktor\u00e1 bola z\u00e1merne vytvoren\u00e1 ako nepravdiv\u00e1 spr\u00e1va. In\u00fdm pojmom je misinform\u00e1cia &#8211; nepravdiv\u00e1 inform\u00e1cia, ktor\u00e1 ale vznikla sk\u00f4r nedopatren\u00edm, bez konkr\u00e9tneho z\u00e1meru klama\u0165. Probl\u00e9m je, \u017ee ten rozdiel medzi nimi \u010dasto nemus\u00ed by\u0165 zjavn\u00fd a\u00a0ot\u00e1zka je, \u010di a\u00a0do akej miery je to v\u00f4bec d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9. V\u00fdrazom hoax pomenov\u00e1vame elektronicky sa \u0161\u00edriacu nepravdiv\u00fa spr\u00e1vu, ktor\u00e1 \u010dasto apeluje na prij\u00edmate\u013ea, aby ju \u0161\u00edril \u010falej.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Ako m\u00f4\u017ee be\u017en\u00fd \u010dlovek rozl\u00ed\u0161i\u0165 pravdiv\u00fa spr\u00e1vu od nepravdivej? Povedzme, \u017ee \u010d\u00edtam spravodajstvo na soci\u00e1lnych sie\u0165ach, \u010do si m\u00e1m v\u0161\u00edma\u0165? <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>K\u00a0nepravdiv\u00fdm spr\u00e1vam sa m\u00f4\u017eeme dosta\u0165 nielen na soci\u00e1lnych sie\u0165ach, kde funguj\u00fa preva\u017ene mlad\u0161ie ro\u010dn\u00edky, ale na internete vo v\u0161eobecnosti. Predov\u0161etk\u00fdm by som ka\u017ed\u00e9mu poradil, aby na soci\u00e1lnych sie\u0165ach spomalil a\u00a0neun\u00e1hlil sa pri potrebe zdie\u013ea\u0165 nejak\u00fd \u010dl\u00e1nok. Tak\u00e9to spr\u00e1vy m\u00e1vaj\u00fa extr\u00e9mne v\u00fdbu\u0161n\u00fd, \u0161\u0165avnat\u00fd titulok, ktor\u00fd vzbudzuje pocit urgentnosti a\u00a0potreby \u0161\u00edrenia, po\u010dkajme teda zop\u00e1r min\u00fat a\u00a0prem\u00fd\u0161\u013eajme, \u010di je zdie\u013eanie naozaj potrebn\u00e9, a\u00a0\u010do je to vlastne za \u010dl\u00e1nok. \u010eal\u0161ou ind\u00edciou s\u00fa zdroje, mali by sme ich vyh\u013ead\u00e1vaniu venova\u0165 \u010das, spr\u00e1vu si rozklikn\u00fa\u0165 a\u00a0pozrie\u0165 na \u0148u podrobnej\u0161ie. Mnoh\u00ed, paradoxne, \u010d\u00edtaj\u00fa len nadpisy, koment\u00e1re pod \u010dl\u00e1nkami a\u00a0pod\u013ea nich si vytv\u00e1raj\u00fa n\u00e1zor. Kontrolujme, ak\u00fd web n\u00e1m \u010dl\u00e1nok pon\u00faka, \u010di je pod \u010dl\u00e1nkom podp\u00edsan\u00fd konkr\u00e9tny autor, prebehnime si, ak\u00e9 s\u00fa \u010fal\u0161ie \u010dl\u00e1nky na webe, a\u00a0predov\u0161etk\u00fdm &#8211; v\u017edy si m\u00f4\u017eeme vygoogli\u0165 samotn\u00fa inform\u00e1ciu a\u00a0skontrolova\u0165, \u010di u\u017e o\u00a0nej p\u00edsal nejak\u00fd in\u00fd hodnovern\u00fd zdroj, web alebo m\u00e9dium.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Gabina Weissov\u00e1<\/p>\n<p>foto Gabina Weissov\u00e1<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>Cel\u00fd rozhovor si pre\u010d\u00edtate v okt\u00f3brovom \u010d\u00edsle MIAU (2020)<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; D\u00e1vno s\u00fa pre\u010d \u010dasy, ke\u010f sme sa r\u00e1no stret\u00e1vali v\u00a0kaviarni a\u00a0za \u0161uchotu papierov\u00fdch nov\u00edn sme zis\u0165ovali, \u010do d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 sa doma i\u00a0vo svete deje. Spravodajstvo sa v\u00a0posledn\u00fdch rokoch presunulo na internet a\u00a0tam to seri\u00f3zna \u017eurnalistika v\u00f4bec nem\u00e1 jednoduch\u00e9 &#8211; str\u00e1ca sa v obrovskom mno\u017estve spr\u00e1v, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 nepresn\u00e9, klamliv\u00e9 alebo dokonca z\u00e1merne zav\u00e1dzaj\u00face. Jakub [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":8263,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6,89],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8262","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-interview","category-oktober-2020"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8262","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8262"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8262\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8267,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8262\/revisions\/8267"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8263"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8262"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8262"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.miaumagazin.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8262"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}